Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • We isolated a maize mutant that shows a varied-kernel-size phenotype (VKS1).
  • Vks1 encodes ZmKIN11, which belongs to the kinesin-14 subfamily and is predominantly expressed in early endosperm development.
  • Absence of VKS1 has relatively minor effects on plants but causes deformities in spindle assembly.
  • Our discovery highlights VKS1 as a central regulator of mitosis in early maize endosperm development and provides a potential approach for future yield improvement.
  • Maize VKS1 Regulates Mitosis and Cytokinesis During Early Endosperm Development.
  • VKS1 mutants exhibit a varied-kernel-size phenotype - segregated small seeds of varying sizes.

Literature:

Gene Resources:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >Zm00001eb298280_T001
    CCACAGTCCAACACGGAAGACCAACGGCAGGGCCAGGCGGGCAGCCCAACTTGGGGGTCGGGGAGCGTCTTCCGGTGGGTCCTACCAAAATTCGAACGATTTCAAATCTCCCTCTCCCCTGGTCGGTCGTCTGTGTCTCGGCTCCGTTGTTGCGCTGCGCTGCCATTCTCCCCCCTTTCCAATTCCATCCGAATCGAGAGGCGCCTCCACATCCACCTCCACCGATCCTCAAACCCTAGATCCGCCGGCCATGTCCGCGCGAGGGGTGCGCCCGGGGGTGCTGCACCACAAGGAGAACAATCCGGCGGACGCGCAGCCTGGAAAGCGCCAGCGCACCGCCGCTGGGGCCGGGAGGCAGCCGCTCGCCGCTGCACCGCCGCCGCAGGAGGAGCCCATGGTGTTCTCGGGCAGGGAGGACGTCGACGCTCTCCTCAACGAGAAAATGAAGGGGAAGAACAAGATGGACTACAAGGGGAAGAGCGAGCAAATGATGGAATACATCAAGAAGCTTCGAGCCTGTACCAAATGGCTTCTTGAGCGGGAAGATGCAAATCTTGTTGAAATCGAGAGGATCACTGGTCAGCTTGACGCGACACACAAGCAACACTCTGAGATAGTGGCTGTCTTGAAGAATACTATTGAAGAAACAAAATCAATATGTGAGGAACTTCAAAAACAATGTGCATCTCTACAAGAGGCTCTAAAGACAGTGGAGGCTGAAAAAATGGATGCCCTGAGGTCTCTAGGAGATGAGAGGGAGGCCAGGATGGGTGTGGAATCTTTGCGGAATGGACTTCTAGAAGATCTGAACAGGGCAAAGTTGGAGGAAAAACGCCTTAATGATCAGATTAAGATGCTTCAGGACACAAATAAAAGGCTTCAAGAATATAACACAAGCCTGCAACAATACAATTGCAACCTTCAAGCAGATGCAACAAAGAATGCGGAAACAATAGTAAAGCTGCAAAAGGAGAAGAACACTATGGTCGAGACAATGAATGGTCTGAAAGATCATGCTAACTCAGTAAAAATGCAACTAGACATTGCAAGGTCTTTGCAAAATGAAGCCACAAAACAAAAGACCGATTTATTAAAGGAAGTTGAAAGTATTAGAATGGAGCTTCAACGTGCAAGGGAGGACCGTGACACTAAATCTGCTCAAGTAGATTCTTTGCTGGTTGATATTGGAACATACAAAGAAATGACTGGAAAATCCGTCATTGAGTTAGATAGCGCCATGGCAAAAACCTCTGCCCTAGAGGAAACATGTTCGTCTCAAAGGAAGATGATAGAGACATTGGAAATTAAGCTTGCAGCTGCCAATGAAAAGTTAAAGAGGTCTAATATGACGGCCTCGGAAACCATGACCGAGTATGAGAACATGAAGAAAATGCTGGAAAGTGTTCAGTCTCGCCTTGAAGAGGCCGAGCAAACAATTCTGGAAGGAGAGAATTTACGAAAAAAGTTACATAATACAATTCTTGAGTTGAAGGGAAACATCAGAGTATTTTGTAGAGTTAGGCCTTTGCTGCCAAATGAATCAGGAGCAGTATCATATCCAAAGAATGGAGAAAACTTAGGCCGAGGCATTGAGTTGTTACATAATGCACAGGGATATTCGTTTACTTTTGATAAAGTATTTGATCATTCGGCGTCACAAGAACATGTGTTCATAGAAATATCTCAACTTGTCCAAAGTGCCCTAGATGGCTATAAGGTCTGCATATTTGCCTATGGGCAAACTGGTTCTGGTAAAACATATACAATGATGGGCAACCCTGAGTTAGAAGATCAAAAAGGAATGATACCACGATCTCTGGAGCAAATTTTTCAAGCTAGCCAGACACTTAACTCACAGGGTTGGAGATATAAGATGCAGGCCTCAATGTTGGAGATTTACAACGAGACTATACGCGACTTGCTAGCAACGAATCGCATGGCTGTTCAGGATGTTGGTGCTTCAAAGTACAGTATCAAGCATGATACTAATGGTAACACGAATGTGTCGGACCTTACGATCATTGACGTAACTAGTATCAACGAAGTTTCTTCTCTCCTTAGGCGGGCTGCTCAGAGCAGATCAGTTGGTAGAACACAAATGAATGAGGAATCATCAAGAAGTCACTGTGTTTTCACTCTTCGGATTTTCGGTGTAAATGAGGGAACGGATCAACAAGTGCAAGGAGTGCTGAATCTTATAGATCTAGCAGGCAGTGAGCGCCTGAACAAAAGTGGTGCCACGGGTGATCGGTTGAAAGAGACAGTGGCTATCAACAAAAGCTTGTCATGTTTAAGTGATGTCATCTTCTCGATTGCAAAGAAAGAGGAACACGTTCCATTTCGGAACTCAAAGCTGACATATCTGCTCCAGCCGTGTCTCGGAGGGGACTCGAAGACACTGATGTTTGTGAATCTGTCTCCTGAAGCGTCCTCGACAGGGGAGTCTCTTTGCTCATTGCGGTTTGCTGCAAGGGTGAACTCCTGTGAGATCGGGATCCCCAGGCGCCAAACCCAGATGCGGAGCTCACAATGATGAAATACGGCGGAAGCGAGCTGCCAGTGTAATGCTTGTGTGTGTGTTGATTTGGTGATGCAACCGATCATTTGCATCCCCTTGTCTGGAGGTGGTGTGAGTTGCCAATTTTATTTGGTTTGTGGCCTTGTTGATTGCGCTAACGGCTGGCAGCGGTGGGTGTGCTGGCCTATTATATTAATCTTAGGACCTGATCTGATTTGTATGTTGGGATGTGTTGCCATTTTCAATTTTTTTGCTTTCATTCGTAGTCTTGATTTGTCGTTTGCCCAATGCCCAATGCCTCTGAGCTGAGCTGGGCGTGTATGTAAACAACTGTGTACCCGTTGTCGGACACGCACACAGCCTGACATGATAATTGTATTTCCCTGCTCTGGGAATTCTGCAATACCCCTTGTGAGTTTCAAGTATTCATTTACACATCATGATATATGAATGAAAAATTGTGGTTCTGCTAGGCCATCTTGGCCATGAGCTCCTGGAGGATGAGCTTTGTCTCGGCGTAGCGGTCGCCGATCCTGGCGTCGTCCTTGGCTGTGACGGCCTCCTGGAGCGTCTCGAAGCTGTCGAAGAGGCGGTTGGCGAGGTCGACGAAGGGCGGCTTGTCTTCGGCGGCGGAGATGAGCTTGTCGAAGTCGTAGTACATGAAGGTGGACTTGAGGCGGAGGTACTTGTTGACGTAGTTGGAGGCGTCCTTGCCCAGCAGGTCCTCCAGCGCCAGCAGGTCGAAGGCCGTGCTGCGCAGCCGGTACGCGTGCGCCGCGAAGCTGGGCCCGATGTCCGCCATGTAGATGCCGTTCTTGAGGAAGGAGCGCGTGCCCGTCTCCGCGTTGTTGATCTCCTCTGCCATGCCACTCATCGCCGACACAATTGTCAGTGAACCAAGTAAAGTTAAG
CDS Sequence
  • >Zm00001eb298280_T001
    ATGTCCGCGCGAGGGGTGCGCCCGGGGGTGCTGCACCACAAGGAGAACAATCCGGCGGACGCGCAGCCTGGAAAGCGCCAGCGCACCGCCGCTGGGGCCGGGAGGCAGCCGCTCGCCGCTGCACCGCCGCCGCAGGAGGAGCCCATGGTGTTCTCGGGCAGGGAGGACGTCGACGCTCTCCTCAACGAGAAAATGAAGGGGAAGAACAAGATGGACTACAAGGGGAAGAGCGAGCAAATGATGGAATACATCAAGAAGCTTCGAGCCTGTACCAAATGGCTTCTTGAGCGGGAAGATGCAAATCTTGTTGAAATCGAGAGGATCACTGGTCAGCTTGACGCGACACACAAGCAACACTCTGAGATAGTGGCTGTCTTGAAGAATACTATTGAAGAAACAAAATCAATATGTGAGGAACTTCAAAAACAATGTGCATCTCTACAAGAGGCTCTAAAGACAGTGGAGGCTGAAAAAATGGATGCCCTGAGGTCTCTAGGAGATGAGAGGGAGGCCAGGATGGGTGTGGAATCTTTGCGGAATGGACTTCTAGAAGATCTGAACAGGGCAAAGTTGGAGGAAAAACGCCTTAATGATCAGATTAAGATGCTTCAGGACACAAATAAAAGGCTTCAAGAATATAACACAAGCCTGCAACAATACAATTGCAACCTTCAAGCAGATGCAACAAAGAATGCGGAAACAATAGTAAAGCTGCAAAAGGAGAAGAACACTATGGTCGAGACAATGAATGGTCTGAAAGATCATGCTAACTCAGTAAAAATGCAACTAGACATTGCAAGGTCTTTGCAAAATGAAGCCACAAAACAAAAGACCGATTTATTAAAGGAAGTTGAAAGTATTAGAATGGAGCTTCAACGTGCAAGGGAGGACCGTGACACTAAATCTGCTCAAGTAGATTCTTTGCTGGTTGATATTGGAACATACAAAGAAATGACTGGAAAATCCGTCATTGAGTTAGATAGCGCCATGGCAAAAACCTCTGCCCTAGAGGAAACATGTTCGTCTCAAAGGAAGATGATAGAGACATTGGAAATTAAGCTTGCAGCTGCCAATGAAAAGTTAAAGAGGTCTAATATGACGGCCTCGGAAACCATGACCGAGTATGAGAACATGAAGAAAATGCTGGAAAGTGTTCAGTCTCGCCTTGAAGAGGCCGAGCAAACAATTCTGGAAGGAGAGAATTTACGAAAAAAGTTACATAATACAATTCTTGAGTTGAAGGGAAACATCAGAGTATTTTGTAGAGTTAGGCCTTTGCTGCCAAATGAATCAGGAGCAGTATCATATCCAAAGAATGGAGAAAACTTAGGCCGAGGCATTGAGTTGTTACATAATGCACAGGGATATTCGTTTACTTTTGATAAAGTATTTGATCATTCGGCGTCACAAGAACATGTGTTCATAGAAATATCTCAACTTGTCCAAAGTGCCCTAGATGGCTATAAGGTCTGCATATTTGCCTATGGGCAAACTGGTTCTGGTAAAACATATACAATGATGGGCAACCCTGAGTTAGAAGATCAAAAAGGAATGATACCACGATCTCTGGAGCAAATTTTTCAAGCTAGCCAGACACTTAACTCACAGGGTTGGAGATATAAGATGCAGGCCTCAATGTTGGAGATTTACAACGAGACTATACGCGACTTGCTAGCAACGAATCGCATGGCTGTTCAGGATGTTGGTGCTTCAAAGTACAGTATCAAGCATGATACTAATGGTAACACGAATGTGTCGGACCTTACGATCATTGACGTAACTAGTATCAACGAAGTTTCTTCTCTCCTTAGGCGGGCTGCTCAGAGCAGATCAGTTGGTAGAACACAAATGAATGAGGAATCATCAAGAAGTCACTGTGTTTTCACTCTTCGGATTTTCGGTGTAAATGAGGGAACGGATCAACAAGTGCAAGGAGTGCTGAATCTTATAGATCTAGCAGGCAGTGAGCGCCTGAACAAAAGTGGTGCCACGGGTGATCGGTTGAAAGAGACAGTGGCTATCAACAAAAGCTTGTCATGTTTAAGTGATGTCATCTTCTCGATTGCAAAGAAAGAGGAACACGTTCCATTTCGGAACTCAAAGCTGACATATCTGCTCCAGCCGTGTCTCGGAGGGGACTCGAAGACACTGATGTTTGTGAATCTGTCTCCTGAAGCGTCCTCGACAGGGGAGTCTCTTTGCTCATTGCGGTTTGCTGCAAGGGTGAACTCCTGTGAGATCGGGATCCCCAGGCGCCAAACCCAGATGCGGAGCTCACAATGA
Protein Sequence
  • >Zm00001eb298280_P001
    MSARGVRPGVLHHKENNPADAQPGKRQRTAAGAGRQPLAAAPPPQEEPMVFSGREDVDALLNEKMKGKNKMDYKGKSEQMMEYIKKLRACTKWLLEREDANLVEIERITGQLDATHKQHSEIVAVLKNTIEETKSICEELQKQCASLQEALKTVEAEKMDALRSLGDEREARMGVESLRNGLLEDLNRAKLEEKRLNDQIKMLQDTNKRLQEYNTSLQQYNCNLQADATKNAETIVKLQKEKNTMVETMNGLKDHANSVKMQLDIARSLQNEATKQKTDLLKEVESIRMELQRAREDRDTKSAQVDSLLVDIGTYKEMTGKSVIELDSAMAKTSALEETCSSQRKMIETLEIKLAAANEKLKRSNMTASETMTEYENMKKMLESVQSRLEEAEQTILEGENLRKKLHNTILELKGNIRVFCRVRPLLPNESGAVSYPKNGENLGRGIELLHNAQGYSFTFDKVFDHSASQEHVFIEISQLVQSALDGYKVCIFAYGQTGSGKTYTMMGNPELEDQKGMIPRSLEQIFQASQTLNSQGWRYKMQASMLEIYNETIRDLLATNRMAVQDVGASKYSIKHDTNGNTNVSDLTIIDVTSINEVSSLLRRAAQSRSVGRTQMNEESSRSHCVFTLRIFGVNEGTDQQVQGVLNLIDLAGSERLNKSGATGDRLKETVAINKSLSCLSDVIFSIAKKEEHVPFRNSKLTYLLQPCLGGDSKTLMFVNLSPEASSTGESLCSLRFAARVNSCEIGIPRRQTQMRSSQ

Source: Genetic information comes from the article