Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • Role of TaALMT1 malate-GABA transporter in alkaline pH tolerance of wheat.
  • Malate exudation through wheat (Triticum aestivum L) aluminium-activated malate transporter 1 (TaALMT1) confers Al3+ tolerance at low pH, but is also activated by alkaline pH, and is regulated by and facilitates significant transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, a zwitterionic buffer).
  • TaALMT1 may facilitate acidification of an alkaline rhizosphere by promoting exudation of both malate and GABA.
  • TaALMT1 expression did not change under alkaline conditions but key genes involved in GABA turnover changed in accordance with a high rate of GABA synthesis.
  • Ethylene negatively regulates aluminium-induced malate efflux from wheat roots and tobacco cells transformed with TaALMT1.
  • These findings indicate that ethylene may behave as a negative regulator of Al3+-induced malate efflux by targeting TaALMT1-mediated malate efflux by an unknown mechanism.
  • We propose that TaALMT1 plays a role in alkaline tolerance by exuding malate and GABA, possibly coupled to proton efflux.
  • The consistent shift in the direction of the Erev as the intracellular malate activity increases indicates that TaALMT1 is selective for the transport of malate over other anions.
  • TaALMT1 can also mediate a large anion influx (i.e. outward currents). TaALMT1 is permeable not only to malate but also to other physiologically relevant anions such as Cl−, NO3−, and SO42− (to a lesser degree).
  • Phosphorylation at S384 regulates the activity of the TaALMT1 malate transporter that underlies aluminum resistance in wheat.
  • We show that the Al3+-activated currents measured in TaALMT1-transformed tobacco cells are identical to the Al3+-activated currents observed in the root cells of wheat, indicating that TaALMT1 alone is likely to be responsible for those endogenous currents.

Literature:

Gene Resources:

Orthologs:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.2
    ATTTGGGTAGCGCGGTGGATGGGTTAGGAGGAATGTGAGCGCGCCATGTGTTTGTCCGCCAGTGCCTAACTGCCGCACTGCCTCAAAAGGCGCGTGCTAGGGTACTGTACTTAATTAGCAGCGCCGTACGCGCTTGAGCTTGCATTGCATCTGCCATGGATATTGATCACGGCAGAGAGAGCGACGGCGAGATGGTGGGCACCATCGCCAGCTGCGGGCTGCTGCTCCACTCGCTTCTCGCCGGGCTCGGGCGTCGCGCCGCCGGGTTCGCCCGGAAGGTGGGCGGCGCCGCGCGGGAGGACCCGAGGCGGGTGGCGCACTCGCTCAAAGTCGGCCTGGCGCTCGCGCTGGTGTCCGTCGTCTACTTCGTCACGCCGCTCTTCAACGGCCTCGGGGTGTCCGCGATATGGGCCGTGCTCACCGTCGTCGTCGTCATGGAGTACACCGTCGGTGCCACGCTGAGTAAAGGCTTGAACAGAGCCTTGGCGACGTTGGTGGCTGGCTGCATCGCCGTCGGAGCTCATCAGTTAGCTGAATTAGCTGAACGCTGTGGTGATCAGGGAGAGCCCATAGTGCTCACCGTGCTCGTCTTCTTCGTAGCGTCAGCGGCGACGTTCTTGCGCTTCATCCCGGAGATCAAGGCCAAGTACGACTACGGCGTGACCATCTTCATACTGACCTTCGGTCTGGTGGCCGTGTCGAGCTACAGAGTGGAGGAGCTCATCCAGCTCGCGCACCAGCGGTTCTACACCATAGCCGTCGGCGTCTTCATCTGCCTCTGCACCACCGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCGTCTGGGCCGGAGAGGACGTCCACAAGCTCGCCTCCGGCAACCTCGACAAACTCGCTCAGTTCATTGAAGGAATGGAATTCAACTGCTTTGGCGAAAACAGTGTTGCAAATAATTTTGGGGGAAAGGATTCCCCCCAAATGCACAAGAGCGTCCTTAATTCGAAGGCCACTGAGGACTCTTTGTGCACCTTTGCCAAATGGGAGCCTCGTCATGGCCAGTTCAGATTTCGACACCCATGGAGCCAATACCAGAAGCTGGGAACTCTTTGTCGCCAATGTGCGTCTTCTATGGAGGCTCTTGCTTCATATGTCATCACAACCTCAAAAACCCAGTGCCCTGCTGCAGCCAACCCTGAGCTATCATGTAAGGTTCGAAAAACATGTGGCGAAATGAGCTTGCATTCCTCCAAGGTGCTTAGGGATCTCGCAATGGCAACTCGAACAATGACTGTGCCGTCTCCAGTGAATATCACCATGGCTACAGCCGTGAAAGCAGCGGAAAGCCTCAGAAGCGAGCTTGCAGAGAACACGGCTCTGTTGCAAGTGATGCATGTGGCCGTCACCGCAACACTTCTTGCGGACTTGGTTGATAGGGTGAAGGAAATCGCGGAATGTGTTGATGTCCTAGCAAGACTGGCGCACTTTAAGAACCCCGAGGACACAAAAAATGTCGTTGTCAGTACCGTGAGTCGAGGGATAGACGAACCTTTGCCTGACGTGGTTATTTTGTAAATCTTCAAAACATTGGTAGACTATATGGTGAAGAACATGGTAGTACTATAGTAGTACTATGTATCAATACTGGAGGGTCTTGTATTGGTTGATTTAGATTTATTACTGCTGAGACATGTTGGATATATGAGCGATTTTC
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.1
    ATTTGGGTAGCGCGGTGGATGGGTTAGGAGGAATGTGAGCGCGCCATGTGTTTGTCCGCCAGTGCCTAACTGCCGCACTGCCTCAAAAGGCGCGTGCTAGGGTACTGTACTTAATTAGCAGCGCCGTACGCGCTTGAGCTTGCATTGCATCTGCCATGGATATTGATCACGGCAGAGAGAGCGACGGCGAGATGGTGGGCACCATCGCCAGCTGCGGGCTGCTGCTCCACTCGCTTCTCGCCGGGCTCGGGCGTCGCGCCGCCGGGTTCGCCCGGAAGGTGGGCGGCGCCGCGCGGGAGGACCCGAGGCGGGTGGCGCACTCGCTCAAAGTCGGCCTGGCGCTCGCGCTGGTGTCCGTCGTCTACTTCGTCACGCCGCTCTTCAACGGCCTCGGGGTGTCCGCGATATGGGCCGTGCTCACCGTCGTCGTCGTCATGGAGTACACCGTCGGTGCCACGCTGAGTAAAGGCTTGAACAGAGCCTTGGCGACGTTGGTGGCTGGCTGCATCGCCGTCGGAGCTCATCAGTTAGCTGAATTAGCTGAACGCTGTGGTGATCAGGGAGAGCCCATAGTGCTCACCGTGCTCGTCTTCTTCGTAGCGTCAGCGGCGACGTTCTTGCGCTTCATCCCGGAGATCAAGGCCAAGTACGACTACGGCGTGACCATCTTCATACTGACCTTCGGTCTGGTGGCCGTGTCGAGCTACAGAGTGGAGGAGCTCATCCAGCTCGCGCACCAGCGGTTCTACACCATAGCCGTCGGCGTCTTCATCTGCCTCTGCACCACCGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCGTCTGGGCCGGAGAGGACGTCCACAAGCTCGCCTCCGGCAACCTCGACAAACTCGCTCAGTTCATTGAAGGAATGGAATTCAACTGCTTTGGCGAAAACAGTGTTGCAAATAATTTTGGGGGAAAGGATTCCCCCCAAATGCACAAGAGCGTCCTTAATTCGAAGGCCACTGAGGACTCTTTGTGCACCTTTGCCAAATGGGAGCCTCGTCATGGCCAGTTCAGATTTCGACACCCATGGAGCCAATACCAGAAGCTGGGAACTCTTTGTCGCCAATGTGCGTCTTCTATGGAGGCTCTTGCTTCATATGTCATCACAACCTCAAAAACCCAGTGCCCTGCTGCAGCCAACCCTGAGCTATCATGTAAGGTTCGAAAAACATGTGGCGAAATGAGCTTGCATTCCTCCAAGGTGCTTAGGGATCTCGCAATGGCAACTCGAACAATGACTGTGCCGTCTCCAGTGAATATCACCATGGCTACAGCCGTGAAAGCAGCGGAAAGCCTCAGAAGCGAGCTTGCAGAGAACACGGCTCTGTTGCAAGTGATGCATGTGGCCGTCACCGCAACACTTCTTGCGGACTTGGTTGATAGGGTGAAGGAAATCGCGGAATGTGTTGATGTCCTAGCAAGACTGGCGCACTTTAAGAACCCCGAGGACACAAAAAATGTCGTTGTCAGTACCGTGAGTCGAGGGATAGACGAACCTTTGCCTGACGTGGTTATTTTGTAAATCTTCAAAACATTGGTAGACTATATGGTGAAGAACATGGTAGTACTATAGTAGTACTATGTATCAATACTGGAGGGTCTTGTATTGGTTGATTTAGATTTATTACTGCTGAGACATGTTGGATATATGAGCGATTTTC
CDS Sequence
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.2
    ATGGATATTGATCACGGCAGAGAGAGCGACGGCGAGATGGTGGGCACCATCGCCAGCTGCGGGCTGCTGCTCCACTCGCTTCTCGCCGGGCTCGGGCGTCGCGCCGCCGGGTTCGCCCGGAAGGTGGGCGGCGCCGCGCGGGAGGACCCGAGGCGGGTGGCGCACTCGCTCAAAGTCGGCCTGGCGCTCGCGCTGGTGTCCGTCGTCTACTTCGTCACGCCGCTCTTCAACGGCCTCGGGGTGTCCGCGATATGGGCCGTGCTCACCGTCGTCGTCGTCATGGAGTACACCGTCGGTGCCACGCTGAGTAAAGGCTTGAACAGAGCCTTGGCGACGTTGGTGGCTGGCTGCATCGCCGTCGGAGCTCATCAGTTAGCTGAATTAGCTGAACGCTGTGGTGATCAGGGAGAGCCCATAGTGCTCACCGTGCTCGTCTTCTTCGTAGCGTCAGCGGCGACGTTCTTGCGCTTCATCCCGGAGATCAAGGCCAAGTACGACTACGGCGTGACCATCTTCATACTGACCTTCGGTCTGGTGGCCGTGTCGAGCTACAGAGTGGAGGAGCTCATCCAGCTCGCGCACCAGCGGTTCTACACCATAGCCGTCGGCGTCTTCATCTGCCTCTGCACCACCGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCGTCTGGGCCGGAGAGGACGTCCACAAGCTCGCCTCCGGCAACCTCGACAAACTCGCTCAGTTCATTGAAGGAATGGAATTCAACTGCTTTGGCGAAAACAGTGTTGCAAATAATTTTGGGGGAAAGGATTCCCCCCAAATGCACAAGAGCGTCCTTAATTCGAAGGCCACTGAGGACTCTTTGTGCACCTTTGCCAAATGGGAGCCTCGTCATGGCCAGTTCAGATTTCGACACCCATGGAGCCAATACCAGAAGCTGGGAACTCTTTGTCGCCAATGTGCGTCTTCTATGGAGGCTCTTGCTTCATATGTCATCACAACCTCAAAAACCCAGTGCCCTGCTGCAGCCAACCCTGAGCTATCATGTAAGGTTCGAAAAACATGTGGCGAAATGAGCTTGCATTCCTCCAAGGTGCTTAGGGATCTCGCAATGGCAACTCGAACAATGACTGTGCCGTCTCCAGTGAATATCACCATGGCTACAGCCGTGAAAGCAGCGGAAAGCCTCAGAAGCGAGCTTGCAGAGAACACGGCTCTGTTGCAAGTGATGCATGTGGCCGTCACCGCAACACTTCTTGCGGACTTGGTTGATAGGGTGAAGGAAATCGCGGAATGTGTTGATGTCCTAGCAAGACTGGCGCACTTTAAGAACCCCGAGGACACAAAAAATGTCGTTGTCAGTACCGTGAGTCGAGGGATAGACGAACCTTTGCCTGACGTGGTTATTTTGTAA
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.1
    ATGGATATTGATCACGGCAGAGAGAGCGACGGCGAGATGGTGGGCACCATCGCCAGCTGCGGGCTGCTGCTCCACTCGCTTCTCGCCGGGCTCGGGCGTCGCGCCGCCGGGTTCGCCCGGAAGGTGGGCGGCGCCGCGCGGGAGGACCCGAGGCGGGTGGCGCACTCGCTCAAAGTCGGCCTGGCGCTCGCGCTGGTGTCCGTCGTCTACTTCGTCACGCCGCTCTTCAACGGCCTCGGGGTGTCCGCGATATGGGCCGTGCTCACCGTCGTCGTCGTCATGGAGTACACCGTCGGTGCCACGCTGAGTAAAGGCTTGAACAGAGCCTTGGCGACGTTGGTGGCTGGCTGCATCGCCGTCGGAGCTCATCAGTTAGCTGAATTAGCTGAACGCTGTGGTGATCAGGGAGAGCCCATAGTGCTCACCGTGCTCGTCTTCTTCGTAGCGTCAGCGGCGACGTTCTTGCGCTTCATCCCGGAGATCAAGGCCAAGTACGACTACGGCGTGACCATCTTCATACTGACCTTCGGTCTGGTGGCCGTGTCGAGCTACAGAGTGGAGGAGCTCATCCAGCTCGCGCACCAGCGGTTCTACACCATAGCCGTCGGCGTCTTCATCTGCCTCTGCACCACCGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCGTCTGGGCCGGAGAGGACGTCCACAAGCTCGCCTCCGGCAACCTCGACAAACTCGCTCAGTTCATTGAAGGAATGGAATTCAACTGCTTTGGCGAAAACAGTGTTGCAAATAATTTTGGGGGAAAGGATTCCCCCCAAATGCACAAGAGCGTCCTTAATTCGAAGGCCACTGAGGACTCTTTGTGCACCTTTGCCAAATGGGAGCCTCGTCATGGCCAGTTCAGATTTCGACACCCATGGAGCCAATACCAGAAGCTGGGAACTCTTTGTCGCCAATGTGCGTCTTCTATGGAGGCTCTTGCTTCATATGTCATCACAACCTCAAAAACCCAGTGCCCTGCTGCAGCCAACCCTGAGCTATCATGTAAGGTTCGAAAAACATGTGGCGAAATGAGCTTGCATTCCTCCAAGGTGCTTAGGGATCTCGCAATGGCAACTCGAACAATGACTGTGCCGTCTCCAGTGAATATCACCATGGCTACAGCCGTGAAAGCAGCGGAAAGCCTCAGAAGCGAGCTTGCAGAGAACACGGCTCTGTTGCAAGTGATGCATGTGGCCGTCACCGCAACACTTCTTGCGGACTTGGTTGATAGGGTGAAGGAAATCGCGGAATGTGTTGATGTCCTAGCAAGACTGGCGCACTTTAAGAACCCCGAGGACACAAAAAATGTCGTTGTCAGTACCGTGAGTCGAGGGATAGACGAACCTTTGCCTGACGTGGTTATTTTGTAA
Protein Sequence
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.2
    MDIDHGRESDGEMVGTIASCGLLLHSLLAGLGRRAAGFARKVGGAAREDPRRVAHSLKVGLALALVSVVYFVTPLFNGLGVSAIWAVLTVVVVMEYTVGATLSKGLNRALATLVAGCIAVGAHQLAELAERCGDQGEPIVLTVLVFFVASAATFLRFIPEIKAKYDYGVTIFILTFGLVAVSSYRVEELIQLAHQRFYTIAVGVFICLCTTVFLFPVWAGEDVHKLASGNLDKLAQFIEGMEFNCFGENSVANNFGGKDSPQMHKSVLNSKATEDSLCTFAKWEPRHGQFRFRHPWSQYQKLGTLCRQCASSMEALASYVITTSKTQCPAAANPELSCKVRKTCGEMSLHSSKVLRDLAMATRTMTVPSPVNITMATAVKAAESLRSELAENTALLQVMHVAVTATLLADLVDRVKEIAECVDVLARLAHFKNPEDTKNVVVSTVSRGIDEPLPDVVIL
  • >TraesCS4D02G283600.1
    MDIDHGRESDGEMVGTIASCGLLLHSLLAGLGRRAAGFARKVGGAAREDPRRVAHSLKVGLALALVSVVYFVTPLFNGLGVSAIWAVLTVVVVMEYTVGATLSKGLNRALATLVAGCIAVGAHQLAELAERCGDQGEPIVLTVLVFFVASAATFLRFIPEIKAKYDYGVTIFILTFGLVAVSSYRVEELIQLAHQRFYTIAVGVFICLCTTVFLFPVWAGEDVHKLASGNLDKLAQFIEGMEFNCFGENSVANNFGGKDSPQMHKSVLNSKATEDSLCTFAKWEPRHGQFRFRHPWSQYQKLGTLCRQCASSMEALASYVITTSKTQCPAAANPELSCKVRKTCGEMSLHSSKVLRDLAMATRTMTVPSPVNITMATAVKAAESLRSELAENTALLQVMHVAVTATLLADLVDRVKEIAECVDVLARLAHFKNPEDTKNVVVSTVSRGIDEPLPDVVIL