GS3

Gene Details

MSU gene ID: None
RAPdb gene ID: Os03g0407400
Gene Symbol: GS3
Genome: MSU7 , IRGSP-1.0
Species: Oryza sativa

Functional Descriptions

Here we clone and characterize GS3, an evolutionarily important gene controlling grain size in rice.
We show that GS3 is highly expressed in young panicles in both short- and long-grained varieties but is not expressed in leaves or panicles after flowering, and we use genetic transformation to demonstrate that the dominant allele for short grain complements the long-grain phenotype.
An association study revealed that a C to A mutation in the second exon of GS3 (A allele) was associated with enhanced grain length in Oryza sativa but was absent from other Oryza species.
Evolutionary history of GS3, a gene conferring grain length in rice.
We demonstrate that GS3, one of the genes regulating seed length, also regulates stigma length and participates in stigma exsertion in rice.
Manipulation of GS3 should contribute to the improvement of hybrid seed-production efficiency.
GS3 participates in stigma exsertion as well as seed length in rice.
The GS3 locus located in the pericentromeric region of rice chromosome 3 has been frequently identified as a major QTL for both grain weight (a yield trait) and grain length (a quality trait) in the literature.
GS3, a major QTL for grain length and weight and minor QTL for grain width and thickness in rice, encodes a putative transmembrane protein.
GRAIN SIZE 3 (GS3) is a cloned gene that is related to seed length.
Here we report the genetic and molecular characterization of GS3, a major quantitative trait locus for grain size.
This study linked the functional domains of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice.
Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice.
This study indicates a critical role for GS3 in defining the seed morphologies of modern subpopulations of O.
Comparative sequencing of GS3, the most important grain length (GL) QTL, has shown that differentiation of rice GL might be principally due to a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) between C and A in the second exon.
A causal C-A mutation in the second exon of GS3 highly associated with rice grain length and validated as a functional marker.
This mutation causes a 178-aa truncation in the C-terminus of the predicted protein, suggesting that GS3 may function as a negative regulator for grain size.
Analysis of a random subpopulation of 201 individuals from the BC3F2 progeny confirmed that the GS3 locus explained 80-90% of the variation for grain weight and length in this population.
Transcription of two known grain-length-related genes, GS3 and SRS3, was largely unaffected in the PGL1-overexpressing and APG-silenced plants.
Here we report the discovery of new deletion alleles at the GS3 locus, each of which confer short seed.
Transformation experiments demonstrated that one of the deletion alleles of GS3 decrease the cell number in the upper epidermis of the glume, resulting in a significant reduction in seed length.
Multiple and independent origins of short seeded alleles of GS3 in rice.
Near isogenic lines of GS3 were developed by successive crossing and backcrossing Minghui 63 (large grain) with Chuan 7 (small grain), using Minghui 63 as the recurrent parent.
Using 1,384 individuals with recessive phenotype (large grain) from a total of 5,740 BC3F2 plants and 11 molecular markers based on sequence information, GS3 was mapped to a DNA fragment approximately 7.
Comparative sequencing analysis identified a nonsense mutation, shared among all the large-grain varieties tested in comparison with the small grain varieties, in the second exon of the putative GS3 gene.
Improving rice grain length through updating the GS3 locus of an elite variety Kongyu 131.
This result demonstrates that update the GS3 locus is a feasible and efficient and accurate way can be applied to improve grain size of rice.
Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of GS3 Near-Isogenic Lines During Panicle Development in Rice (Oryza sativa L.).
The current understanding of the function of the GS3 gene, especially concerning the regulatory mechanism of panicle development, is still in its infancy.
This study found that the nonsense mutated GS3 gene, the GS3 allele of Akita 63, has a superior yield production with enlarged grain size.
The GS3 allele increased the yield with improvements in harvest index and NUE for yields per plant N content by analyzing the near-isogenic line of rice plants with a large grain (LG-Notohikari), which was developed by introducing the GS3 allele of Akita 63 into normal-grain japonica cultivar, Notohikari.
The GS3 allele from a large-grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, increases yield and improves nitrogen-use efficiency.
Thus, the GS3 allele would be promising for further yield increase without additional large input of N fertilization in non-GS3-allele rice varieties.

Functional Keywords

Literature and News

Gene Resources

Sequences

cDNA Sequence

>LOC_Os12g44380.3
TGTGGTCTTTGTTATGCCTTTGCATTCTATGGGAAACACCTGATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAAGAATATTGCTACATATAAATTGTCGGCCATTCTTTGCAATTCGACTCATAAGAGGCACTCGGAACGCTATGCAGTGCATGGGGGAATTGTATATTATCTCCGAATCAAGAAGGGGATAATGCTTGCTTTCTCCATGAGCTATTTTTGCCTTTTTCATGCCGGATCATCATATGCTGTCGTACATTGGATGATCTTATGCTGTTGTACATTGGATGTTGGTCATTTGTAGAGATACTAGTGAATAAAAGTTGCAGGAGTTGGTTCACTCGAGAAAATTCTGGTCAGTATGTCGTCCATCTGCTGCACGACAGCAGTTAGGAGCCGAATAGCATGTCCATGGGTTTTCATCAAATGTTGTATCATCATTTGTTTTTTGATACGTTCAGACGGCTTCAGTGCTGTGTGAATATATATGTATGGAATATATCGAGAAAATGTTGTTGTAACATTTGGTTTTTGATCGTTGAGACGA
>LOC_Os12g44380.2
TGTGGTCTTTGTTATGCCTTTGCATTCTATGGGAAACACCTGATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAAGAATATTGCTACATATAAATTGTCGGCCATTCTTTGCAATTCGACTCATAAGAGGCACTCGGAACGCTATGCAGTGCATGGGGGAATTGTATATTATCTCCGAATCAAGAAGGGGATAATGCTTGCTTTCTCCATGAGCTATTTTTGCCTTTTTCATGCCGGATCATCATATGCTGTCGTACATTGGATGATCTTATGCTGTTGTACATTGGATGTTGGTCATTTGTAGAGATACTAGTGAATAAAAGTTGCAGGAGTTGGTTCACTCGAGAAAATTCTGGTCAGTATGTCGTCCATCTGCTGCACGACAGCAGTTAGGAGCCGAATAGCATGTCCATGGGTTTTCATCAAATGTTGTATCATCATTTGTTTTTTGATACGTTCAGACGGCTTCAGTGCTGTGTGAATATATATGTATGGAATATATCGAGAAAATGTTGTTGTAACATTTGGTTTTTGATCGTTGAGACGA
>LOC_Os12g44380.1
TGTGGTCTTTGTTATGCCTTTGCATTCTATGGGAAACACCTGATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAAGAATATTGCTACATATAAATTGTCGGCCATTCTTTGCAATTCGACTCATAAGAGGCACTCGGAACGCTATGCAGTGCATGGGGGAATTGTATATTATCTCCGAATCAAGAAGGGGATAATGCTTGCTTTCTCCATGAGCTATTTTTGCCTTTTTCATGCCGGATCATCATATGCTGTCGTACATTGGATGATCTTATGCTGTTGTACATTGGATGTTGGTCATTTGTAGAGATACTAGTGAATAAAAGTTGCAGGAGTTGGTTCACTCGAGAAAATTCTGGTCAGTATGTCGTCCATCTGCTGCACGACAGCAGTTAGGAGCCGAATAGCATGTCCATGGGTTTTCATCAAATGTTGTATCATCATTTGTTTTTTGATACGTTCAGACGGCTTCAGTGCTGTGTGAATATATATGTATGGAATATATCGAGAAAATGTTGTTGTAACATTTGGTTTTTGATCGTTGAGACGA

CDS Sequence

>LOC_Os12g44380.3
ATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAA
>LOC_Os12g44380.2
ATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAA
>LOC_Os12g44380.1
ATGCAAACATTACATTCAGAAGGCATGATTGTGCTTTTTGTCATGGAAATGCTGGAGTTCCACGAGAATGACCCAAGGAGGACTCGGATAGCTAATGCTTACTTCTCATTGTTCATGGCCCTGGGAAACATACTTGGATATGCCACTGGAGCATACAGTGGCTGGTACAAGATATTCCCGTTCACCGTTACTCCATCATGTAGCATCAGCTGTGCCAACCTCAAGTCTGCCTTTCTACTTGATATTATCATTTTGGTGGTCACTACATGCATCACTGTAGCATCAGTGCAAGAGCCTCAATCCTTTGGAAGTGATGAAGCAGATCACCCTAGCACAGAACAGGAAGCTTTCCTCTGGGAACTTTTTGGATCATTCCGGTACTTTACATTACCGGTTTGGATGGTTTTGATTGTTACTGCCCTCACATGGATTGGATGGTTTCCATTTATCCTCTTTGATACCGATTGGATGGGTCGAGAGATCTATCGTGGAAGTCCAGATGATCCAAGTATAACTCAGAGCTATCATGATGGTGTGAGAATGGGTTCTTTTGGTCTGATGCTGAACTCGGTCCTTCTTGGATTCACTTCTATTGTACTAGAGAAGTTATGTCGGAAGTGGGGAGCTGGACTGGTGTGGGGTGTCTCCAATATCCTAATGGCATTGTGCTTTGTGGCAATGCTTGTAATAACATATGTGGCAAAGAATATGGATTATCCACCTAGTGGAGTACCACCAACCGGCATTGTCATTGCTTCCCTGGTAGTTTTTACAATTTTAGGAGCGCCCCTGGCGATCACGTACAGTATACCATATGCAATGGCTGCTAGTCGGGTTGAAAATCTGGGACTTGGCCAAGGTCTAGCAATGGGCATTCTTAATTTGGCTATTGTCATACCACAGGTTATTGTGTCACTGGGTAGCGGGCCCTGGGACCAACTGTTTGGTGGTGGCAATGCACCAGCCTTTGCAGTGGCTGCTGCTGCATCTTTTATCGGTGGGCTGGTGGCTATTCTGGGCCTTCCACGAGCCCGCATTGCATCAAGGAGGAGAGGTCACCGATAA

Protein Sequence

>LOC_Os12g44380.3
MQTLHSEGMIVLFVMEMLEFHENDPRRTRIANAYFSLFMALGNILGYATGAYSGWYKIFPFTVTPSCSISCANLKSAFLLDIIILVVTTCITVASVQEPQSFGSDEADHPSTEQEAFLWELFGSFRYFTLPVWMVLIVTALTWIGWFPFILFDTDWMGREIYRGSPDDPSITQSYHDGVRMGSFGLMLNSVLLGFTSIVLEKLCRKWGAGLVWGVSNILMALCFVAMLVITYVAKNMDYPPSGVPPTGIVIASLVVFTILGAPLAITYSIPYAMAASRVENLGLGQGLAMGILNLAIVIPQVIVSLGSGPWDQLFGGGNAPAFAVAAAASFIGGLVAILGLPRARIASRRRGHR*
>LOC_Os12g44380.2
MQTLHSEGMIVLFVMEMLEFHENDPRRTRIANAYFSLFMALGNILGYATGAYSGWYKIFPFTVTPSCSISCANLKSAFLLDIIILVVTTCITVASVQEPQSFGSDEADHPSTEQEAFLWELFGSFRYFTLPVWMVLIVTALTWIGWFPFILFDTDWMGREIYRGSPDDPSITQSYHDGVRMGSFGLMLNSVLLGFTSIVLEKLCRKWGAGLVWGVSNILMALCFVAMLVITYVAKNMDYPPSGVPPTGIVIASLVVFTILGAPLAITYSIPYAMAASRVENLGLGQGLAMGILNLAIVIPQVIVSLGSGPWDQLFGGGNAPAFAVAAAASFIGGLVAILGLPRARIASRRRGHR*
>LOC_Os12g44380.1
MQTLHSEGMIVLFVMEMLEFHENDPRRTRIANAYFSLFMALGNILGYATGAYSGWYKIFPFTVTPSCSISCANLKSAFLLDIIILVVTTCITVASVQEPQSFGSDEADHPSTEQEAFLWELFGSFRYFTLPVWMVLIVTALTWIGWFPFILFDTDWMGREIYRGSPDDPSITQSYHDGVRMGSFGLMLNSVLLGFTSIVLEKLCRKWGAGLVWGVSNILMALCFVAMLVITYVAKNMDYPPSGVPPTGIVIASLVVFTILGAPLAITYSIPYAMAASRVENLGLGQGLAMGILNLAIVIPQVIVSLGSGPWDQLFGGGNAPAFAVAAAASFIGGLVAILGLPRARIASRRRGHR*