xa21

Gene Details

MSU gene ID: LOC_Os11g35500
RAPdb gene ID: Os11g0559200
Gene Symbol: xa21
Genome: MSU7 , IRGSP-1.0
Species: Oryza sativa

Functional Descriptions

Silencing of the SDF2 genes in the xa21 rice genetic background compromises resistance to Xoo but does not affect plant growth and development.
Interestingly, most signaling and transcriptional regulator genes were downregulated at 4 and 8 hpi, suggesting that negative regulation of cellular signaling may play a role in the xa21-mediated defense response.
Comparison of expression profiles between xa21- and other R gene-mediated defense systems revealed interesting common responses.
Transcriptional characteristics of xa21-mediated defense responses in rice.
The rice pattern recognition receptor (PRR) xa21 confers race-specific resistance in leaf infection by bacterial blight Xathomonas oryzae pv.
Rice xa21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full xa21-mediated disease resistance.
Few components involved in transducing the xa21-mediated defense response have yet been identified.
1 are compromised in basal defense and xa21-mediated resistance to Xoo.
OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice.
The transgenic plants constitutively expressing the wild-type xa21 or its GFP fusion displayed race-specific resistance to Xoo at the adult and seedling stages.
We also established a root infection system and demonstrated that xa21 also mediated race-specific resistance responses to Xoo in the root.
Here we report that xa21 is induced by Xoo infection and that ectopic expression of xa21 confers resistance at three leaf stage (three-week-old), overcoming the developmental limitation of xa21-mediated resistance.
Characterization of xa21 should facilitate understanding of plant disease resistance and lead to engineered resistance in rice.
A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, xa21.
Genetic and physical analysis of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance locus, xa21.
Representative pathotypes were used to evaluate seven near-isogenic lines carrying individual bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa3, Xa4, xa5, Xa7, Xa10, xa13, and xa21) and gene pyramids.
Here, we report that xa21 binds to a WRKY transcription factor, called OsWRKY62.
The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system.
Expression of the xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors.
Short communication: developmental control of xa21-mediated disease resistance in rice.
xa21 is a receptor-like kinase protein in rice (Oryza sativa) that confers gene-for-gene resistance to specific races of the causal agent of bacterial blight disease, Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae.
The downregulation of Xb25 results in reduced levels of xa21 and compromised xa21-mediated disease resistance at the adult stage.
Taken together, these results indicate that XB25 is required for maintaining xa21-mediated disease resistance.
The xa21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining xa21-mediated disease resistance.
Ectopic expression of xa21 also up-regulates a larger set of defense-related genes as compared to xa21 driven by the native promoter.
These results indicate that altered regulation of xa21 expression is useful for developing enhanced resistance to Xoo at multiple developmental stages.
The cloned rice gene xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races.
Our current study provides an insight into the nature of the xa21-mediated resistance and a practical approach using the root cell system to further dissect the cellular signaling of the PRR during the rice-Xoo interaction.
xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages, with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage.
The rice disease resistance gene, xa21, encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain.
Finally, our data suggest that the region of xa21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated, revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance.
Biochemical characterization of the kinase domain of the rice disease resistance receptor-like kinase xa21.
We identified 192 proteins in DRMs that included receptor-like kinases (RLKs) such as xa21, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR)-type disease resistance proteins, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, syntaxin, NADPH oxidase, a WD-40 repeat family protein and various GTP-binding proteins.
Xb15 mutants display a severe cell death phenotype, induction of pathogenesis-related genes, and enhanced xa21-mediated resistance.
Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and xa21-mediated innate immunity.
The xa21 gene confers a broad and persistent resistance against BB.
These results suggested that xa21 primed critically important genes and signaling pathways, enhancing its resistance against bacterial infection.
Rice xa21 primed genes and pathways that are critical for combating bacterial blight infection.
The rice xa21 receptor kinase confers robust resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzaepv.
From this analysis, we identified eight genes that are up-regulated in both in elf18 treated EFR:xa21:GFP rice leaves and Xoo infected xa21 rice leaves.
Mutation of the rice xa21 predicted nuclear localization sequence does not affect resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
The rice receptor kinase xa21 confers robust resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzaepv.
We previously reported that xa21 is cleaved in transgenic plants overexpressing xa21 with a GFP tag (Ubi-xa21-GFP) and that the released C-terminal domain is localized to the nucleus.
xa21 carries a predicted nuclear localization sequence (NLS) that directs the C-terminal domain to the nucleus in transient assays, whereas alanine substitutions in the NLS disrupt the nuclear localization.
To determine if the predicted NLS is required for xa21-mediated immunity in planta, we generated transgenic plants overexpressing an xa21 variant carrying the NLS with the same alanine substitutions (Ubi-xa21nls-GFP).
The rice immune receptor xa21 is activated by the sulfated microbial peptide required for activation of xa21-mediated immunity X (RaxX) produced by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.
Here we demonstrate that the rice immune sensor xa21 promotes survival of rice seedlings during dehydration stress.
xa21 expression increases deposition of lignin and cellulose in the xylem vessels and their surrounding cells.
Inhibition of aquaporin water channels by mercuric chloride eliminates xa21-mediated dehydration survival, suggesting that xa21 enables plant survival during drought, probably by protecting xylem functionality.
Rice immune sensor xa21 differentially enhances plant growth and survival under distinct levels of drought.
In contrast to prevailing observations of stress tolerance genes, xa21 is also capable of enhancing rice growth during moderate drought.
Thus, xa21 acts as a mediator for stress protection and plant growth under water-limiting conditions.
In BC3F3 generation, the improved pyramided lines carrying a total of seven genes/QTLs (xa5 + xa13 + xa21 + Pi54 + qSBR7-1 + qSBR11-1 + qSBR11-2) were selected through molecular and phenotypic assay, and these were evaluated for resistance against bacterial blight, blast, and sheath blight pathogens under greenhouse conditions.
We focus on knowledge gained from studies of the rice xa21 immune receptor that recognizes RaxX (required for activation of xa21 mediated immunity X), a sulfated microbial peptide secreted by the gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Functional Keywords

Literature and News

Gene Resources

Sequences

cDNA Sequence

>LOC_Os11g35500.1
ATCTCTCGCTCTTGCTGTCTTAGCTTGCACCGATATTCTCTGCATCTCGGCACGATGATATCACTCCCATTACTGCTCTTCGTCCTCTTCTTCTCTGCGCTGCTGCTCTTCCCTTCGAGCAGTGACGACGACGGTGGTGGTGATGCTGCCGGCGACGAACTCGCGCTGCTCTCTTTCAAGTCATCCCTGCTATACCAGGGGGGCCAGTCGCTGGCATCTTGGAACACGTCCGGCCATGGCCAGCACTGCACATGGGTGGGTGTCGTGTGCGGCCGCCGGCACCCACACAGGGTGGTGAAGCTGCGGCTGCGCTCCTCCAACCTGGCCGGGATCATCTCGCCGTCGCTGGGCAACCTATCCTTCCTCAGGACGCTGCAACTCAGCGACAACCACCTGTCCGGCAAGATACCCCAGGAGCTCAGCCGTCTCATCAGGCTCCAGCAACTGGTACTGAATTTCAACAGCCTATCGGGTGAGATTCCAGCTGCTTTGGGCAATCTAACCAGTCTCTCGGTTCTTGAGCTGACTAACAATACACTGTCCGGAGCAATCCCTTCATCTCTGGGCAAACTCACAGGTCTCACTGATCTTGCACTGGCTGAAAATACGCTGTCTGGTTCCATCCCATCATCTTTCGGCCAATTGCGCAGATTATCTTTCCTTAGCTTAGCCTTTAACAATTTAAGTGGAGCGATCCCAGATCCTATTTGGAACATCTCCTCTCTCACCATATTCGAAGTCATATCCAACAAGCTAAGTGGTACACTGCCTACAAATGCATTCAGTAATCTTCCTAGTCTGCAGGAGGTATACATGTATTACAACCAGTTTCATGGTCGTATCCCGGCATCGATAGGTAATGCTTCCAACATCTCAATATTTACCATTGGTTTAAACTCTTTTAGCGGTGTTGTTCCACCGGAGATTGGAAGGATGAGAAATCTTCAGAGACTAGAGCTTCCAGAAACTCTTTTGGAAGCTAAAGAAACAAATGATTGGAAATTCATGACGGCATTGACAAATTGCTCCAATCTTCAAGAAGTGGAACTGGGAGGTTGTAAATTTGGTGGAGTCCTCCCTGATTCTGTTTCCAATCTTTCCTCTTCGCTTGTATCTCTCTCCATTAGAGATAACAAAATTTCAGGGAGCTTACCTAGAGATATCGGTAATCTCGTTAATTTACAATATCTTTCTCTCGCTAACAACTCCTTGACAGGATCCCTTCCCTCTTCCTTCAGCAAGCTTAAAAATTTACGTCGTCTCACTGTAGATAACAACAAGTTAATTGGTTCTCTCCCATTCACCATCGGTAATCTTACACAACTAACTAATATGGAGGTCCAATTTAATGCCTTCGGTGGTACAATACCAAGCACACTTGGAAACCTGACCAAGCTGTTTCAAATAAATCTTGGCCACAATAACTTTATAGGGCAAATTCCCATTGAAATATTTAGCATTCCCGCACTCTCTGAAATTTTGGATGTGTCCCATCATAACTTGGAGGGATCAATACCAAAAGAAATAGGGAAACTTAAAAATATTGTCGAATTCCATGCTGATTCGAACAAATTATCGGGTGAGATCCCTAGCACCATTGGTGAATGCCAACTTCTGCAGCATCTTTTCCTGCAAAACAATTTCTTAAATGGTAGCATCCCAATAGCTCTGACTCAGTTGAAAGGTCTGGACACACTTGATCTCTCAGGTAACAATTTGTCAGGTCAGATACCTATGTCCTTAGGGGACATGCCTCTGCTCCACTCGCTGAACCTTTCGTTCAACAGCTTCCACGGTGAAGTGCCAACCAATGGTGTTTTTGCAAATGCTTCTGAAATTTACATCCAAGGCAATGCCCATATTTGCGGTGGCATACCTGAACTACATCTTCCGACGTGTTCCTTAAAATCAAGAAAGAAAAAGAAACATCAAATTCTGCTGTTAGTGGTTGTTATCTGTCTCGTTTCGACACTTGCCGTCTTTTCGTTACTCTACATGCTTCTAACCTGTCATAAGAGAAGAAAGAAAGAAGTCCCTGCAACGACATCCATGCAAGGCCACCCAATGATCACTTACAAGCAGCTGGTAAAAGCAACGGATGGTTTTTCGTCCAGCCATTTGTTGGGTTCTGGATCTTTTGGCTCTGTTTACAAAGGAGAATTTGATAGTCAAGATGGTGAAATCACAAGTCTTGTTGCCGTGAAGGTACTAAAGCTGGAAACTCCAAAGGCACTCAAGAGTTTCACGTCCGAATGCGAAACACTGCGAAATACTCGACACCGGAATCTTGTCAAGATAGTTACGATTTGCTCGAGCATCGATAACAGAGGGAATGATTTCAAAGCAATTGTGTATGACTTCATGCCCAATGGCAGTCTGGAAGATTGGCTACACCCTGAAACAAATGATCAAGCAGAGCAAAGGCACTTGACTCTGCATCAGAGAGTGACCATACTACTTGATGTTGCATGTGCATTGGACCATCTTCACTTCCATGGCCCTGAACCTATTGTACACTGTGATATTAAATCAAGCAATGTGTTGTTAGATGCTGATATGGTAGCCCATGTTGGAGACTTTGGACTTGCAAGAATACTTATTGAGGGAAGCTCATTGATGCAACAGTCAACAAGTTCGATGGGAATCAGGGGGACAATTGGTTACGCAGCACCAGAGTATGGTGTCGGGAACACTGCCTCGACACATGGAGATATTTACAGTTATGGAATTCTAGTGTTGGAAACAGTAACCGGGATGCGGCCGGCAGATAGTACATTCAGAACTGGATTGAGCCTCCGTCAGTACGTTGAACCGGGTCTACATGGTAGACTGATGGATGTTGTTGACAGGAAGCTTGGTTTGGATTCCGAGAAATGGCTTCAGGCTCGAGATGTTTCGCCATGCAGCAGTATTACTGAATGCCTTGTTTCACTGCTTAGACTTGGGCTGTCTTGCTCTCAGGAATTGCCATCGAGTAGAACGCAAGCCGGAGATGTCATCAATGAACTGCGTGCCATCAAAGAGTCTCTCTCGATGTCATCCGACATGTGAAGATGTGAGACATGCTGATGTTATGTCCGAGTATTTCGTTGTAATCTAATGTGAAGGGTGAGTGTGTGACTGCTTGGTTGTAAGCTATTTCCTGATCTGCCCATCAGATCATGTATCTGTTCTATTGTTGTATTTCTCAGAACAACCACACACCTAAGTAGGAGTACACAATAGTGTATTTGTGTAATTTCAATATTGATGCATACCCATGCTATGTGCTAAAATTATATACTGAAATTTTGAGAT

CDS Sequence

>LOC_Os11g35500.1
ATGATATCACTCCCATTACTGCTCTTCGTCCTCTTCTTCTCTGCGCTGCTGCTCTTCCCTTCGAGCAGTGACGACGACGGTGGTGGTGATGCTGCCGGCGACGAACTCGCGCTGCTCTCTTTCAAGTCATCCCTGCTATACCAGGGGGGCCAGTCGCTGGCATCTTGGAACACGTCCGGCCATGGCCAGCACTGCACATGGGTGGGTGTCGTGTGCGGCCGCCGGCACCCACACAGGGTGGTGAAGCTGCGGCTGCGCTCCTCCAACCTGGCCGGGATCATCTCGCCGTCGCTGGGCAACCTATCCTTCCTCAGGACGCTGCAACTCAGCGACAACCACCTGTCCGGCAAGATACCCCAGGAGCTCAGCCGTCTCATCAGGCTCCAGCAACTGGTACTGAATTTCAACAGCCTATCGGGTGAGATTCCAGCTGCTTTGGGCAATCTAACCAGTCTCTCGGTTCTTGAGCTGACTAACAATACACTGTCCGGAGCAATCCCTTCATCTCTGGGCAAACTCACAGGTCTCACTGATCTTGCACTGGCTGAAAATACGCTGTCTGGTTCCATCCCATCATCTTTCGGCCAATTGCGCAGATTATCTTTCCTTAGCTTAGCCTTTAACAATTTAAGTGGAGCGATCCCAGATCCTATTTGGAACATCTCCTCTCTCACCATATTCGAAGTCATATCCAACAAGCTAAGTGGTACACTGCCTACAAATGCATTCAGTAATCTTCCTAGTCTGCAGGAGGTATACATGTATTACAACCAGTTTCATGGTCGTATCCCGGCATCGATAGGTAATGCTTCCAACATCTCAATATTTACCATTGGTTTAAACTCTTTTAGCGGTGTTGTTCCACCGGAGATTGGAAGGATGAGAAATCTTCAGAGACTAGAGCTTCCAGAAACTCTTTTGGAAGCTAAAGAAACAAATGATTGGAAATTCATGACGGCATTGACAAATTGCTCCAATCTTCAAGAAGTGGAACTGGGAGGTTGTAAATTTGGTGGAGTCCTCCCTGATTCTGTTTCCAATCTTTCCTCTTCGCTTGTATCTCTCTCCATTAGAGATAACAAAATTTCAGGGAGCTTACCTAGAGATATCGGTAATCTCGTTAATTTACAATATCTTTCTCTCGCTAACAACTCCTTGACAGGATCCCTTCCCTCTTCCTTCAGCAAGCTTAAAAATTTACGTCGTCTCACTGTAGATAACAACAAGTTAATTGGTTCTCTCCCATTCACCATCGGTAATCTTACACAACTAACTAATATGGAGGTCCAATTTAATGCCTTCGGTGGTACAATACCAAGCACACTTGGAAACCTGACCAAGCTGTTTCAAATAAATCTTGGCCACAATAACTTTATAGGGCAAATTCCCATTGAAATATTTAGCATTCCCGCACTCTCTGAAATTTTGGATGTGTCCCATCATAACTTGGAGGGATCAATACCAAAAGAAATAGGGAAACTTAAAAATATTGTCGAATTCCATGCTGATTCGAACAAATTATCGGGTGAGATCCCTAGCACCATTGGTGAATGCCAACTTCTGCAGCATCTTTTCCTGCAAAACAATTTCTTAAATGGTAGCATCCCAATAGCTCTGACTCAGTTGAAAGGTCTGGACACACTTGATCTCTCAGGTAACAATTTGTCAGGTCAGATACCTATGTCCTTAGGGGACATGCCTCTGCTCCACTCGCTGAACCTTTCGTTCAACAGCTTCCACGGTGAAGTGCCAACCAATGGTGTTTTTGCAAATGCTTCTGAAATTTACATCCAAGGCAATGCCCATATTTGCGGTGGCATACCTGAACTACATCTTCCGACGTGTTCCTTAAAATCAAGAAAGAAAAAGAAACATCAAATTCTGCTGTTAGTGGTTGTTATCTGTCTCGTTTCGACACTTGCCGTCTTTTCGTTACTCTACATGCTTCTAACCTGTCATAAGAGAAGAAAGAAAGAAGTCCCTGCAACGACATCCATGCAAGGCCACCCAATGATCACTTACAAGCAGCTGGTAAAAGCAACGGATGGTTTTTCGTCCAGCCATTTGTTGGGTTCTGGATCTTTTGGCTCTGTTTACAAAGGAGAATTTGATAGTCAAGATGGTGAAATCACAAGTCTTGTTGCCGTGAAGGTACTAAAGCTGGAAACTCCAAAGGCACTCAAGAGTTTCACGTCCGAATGCGAAACACTGCGAAATACTCGACACCGGAATCTTGTCAAGATAGTTACGATTTGCTCGAGCATCGATAACAGAGGGAATGATTTCAAAGCAATTGTGTATGACTTCATGCCCAATGGCAGTCTGGAAGATTGGCTACACCCTGAAACAAATGATCAAGCAGAGCAAAGGCACTTGACTCTGCATCAGAGAGTGACCATACTACTTGATGTTGCATGTGCATTGGACCATCTTCACTTCCATGGCCCTGAACCTATTGTACACTGTGATATTAAATCAAGCAATGTGTTGTTAGATGCTGATATGGTAGCCCATGTTGGAGACTTTGGACTTGCAAGAATACTTATTGAGGGAAGCTCATTGATGCAACAGTCAACAAGTTCGATGGGAATCAGGGGGACAATTGGTTACGCAGCACCAGAGTATGGTGTCGGGAACACTGCCTCGACACATGGAGATATTTACAGTTATGGAATTCTAGTGTTGGAAACAGTAACCGGGATGCGGCCGGCAGATAGTACATTCAGAACTGGATTGAGCCTCCGTCAGTACGTTGAACCGGGTCTACATGGTAGACTGATGGATGTTGTTGACAGGAAGCTTGGTTTGGATTCCGAGAAATGGCTTCAGGCTCGAGATGTTTCGCCATGCAGCAGTATTACTGAATGCCTTGTTTCACTGCTTAGACTTGGGCTGTCTTGCTCTCAGGAATTGCCATCGAGTAGAACGCAAGCCGGAGATGTCATCAATGAACTGCGTGCCATCAAAGAGTCTCTCTCGATGTCATCCGACATGTGA

Protein Sequence

>LOC_Os11g35500.1
MISLPLLLFVLFFSALLLFPSSSDDDGGGDAAGDELALLSFKSSLLYQGGQSLASWNTSGHGQHCTWVGVVCGRRHPHRVVKLRLRSSNLAGIISPSLGNLSFLRTLQLSDNHLSGKIPQELSRLIRLQQLVLNFNSLSGEIPAALGNLTSLSVLELTNNTLSGAIPSSLGKLTGLTDLALAENTLSGSIPSSFGQLRRLSFLSLAFNNLSGAIPDPIWNISSLTIFEVISNKLSGTLPTNAFSNLPSLQEVYMYYNQFHGRIPASIGNASNISIFTIGLNSFSGVVPPEIGRMRNLQRLELPETLLEAKETNDWKFMTALTNCSNLQEVELGGCKFGGVLPDSVSNLSSSLVSLSIRDNKISGSLPRDIGNLVNLQYLSLANNSLTGSLPSSFSKLKNLRRLTVDNNKLIGSLPFTIGNLTQLTNMEVQFNAFGGTIPSTLGNLTKLFQINLGHNNFIGQIPIEIFSIPALSEILDVSHHNLEGSIPKEIGKLKNIVEFHADSNKLSGEIPSTIGECQLLQHLFLQNNFLNGSIPIALTQLKGLDTLDLSGNNLSGQIPMSLGDMPLLHSLNLSFNSFHGEVPTNGVFANASEIYIQGNAHICGGIPELHLPTCSLKSRKKKKHQILLLVVVICLVSTLAVFSLLYMLLTCHKRRKKEVPATTSMQGHPMITYKQLVKATDGFSSSHLLGSGSFGSVYKGEFDSQDGEITSLVAVKVLKLETPKALKSFTSECETLRNTRHRNLVKIVTICSSIDNRGNDFKAIVYDFMPNGSLEDWLHPETNDQAEQRHLTLHQRVTILLDVACALDHLHFHGPEPIVHCDIKSSNVLLDADMVAHVGDFGLARILIEGSSLMQQSTSSMGIRGTIGYAAPEYGVGNTASTHGDIYSYGILVLETVTGMRPADSTFRTGLSLRQYVEPGLHGRLMDVVDRKLGLDSEKWLQARDVSPCSSITECLVSLLRLGLSCSQELPSSRTQAGDVINELRAIKESLSMSSDM*