Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • In this study, we isolated a novel floury endosperm rice (Oryza sativa) mutant FLO16 with defective starch grain (SG) formation.
  • Overexpression of FLO16 significantly improved grain weight, suggesting a possible application of FLO16 in rice breeding.
  • Our results indicated that FLO16 plays a critical role in redox homeostasis that is important for compound SG formation and subsequent starch biosynthesis in rice endosperm.
  • Map-based cloning and complementation tests demonstrated that FLO16 encodes a NAD-dependent cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (CMDH).

Literature:

Gene Resources:

  • NCBI ID:
  • UniProt accessions:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.2
    CGTTTCCCCCTCTCTCGCAAAACTCACCCAAAAGAGCAGCGTCGCCTCTCCTCCTCCTCCCTAACCCCTACGCTTCCAGAACCTTCTCGAAGCTCCCGCTCCCCCCCCCCTTCCGCTCCAATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAAAATGTGCCAATGTATAGAGTATTGCGCTGATTATGTCGCAACAGTTTACAAATGCCTGATGATCTATCGTTTCTTACAGGTCTCCCGATCGACGAGTTCTCAAGGAAGAAGATGGACGCGACTGCCCAGGAGCTGTCGGAGGAGAAGACGCTCGCTTACTCATGCCTCAACTAAAACTAAGCAATACCCAGAGGGACAGATAGTGAGCGATTGCCCGCTCCCGTGTTTTTGAATAAAAGAGACTTTTAAGTTCCATCACATAGAAACTGTTTATCTCAGACCGCTGCACATCGCGAGATGTGGAGCGCAGATGCCGTTGCTGGTTTTACTCCAGTGTGTATTGAGGCTTTGTACTAGCTCCCTTTTTTTTGCCTGGTGATTCGCAGGACATTTGCTGAAAACATTGAACCCATTTGACATCTGATGGAATCATGGACCAGTAGCAAGTACATTTTGCGAAAGCATAATCTGCATCGGGCTTGGGCTGGTGGTTGAACTTTCTGCCACATGGCCCATGGAAACGTGAGTCGCGCTGTTACTG
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.1
    CGTTTCCCCCTCTCTCGCAAAACTCACCCAAAAGAGCAGCGTCGCCTCTCCTCCTCCTCCCTAACCCCTACGCTTCCAGAACCTTCTCGAAGCTCCCGCTCCCCCCCCCCTTCCGCTCCAATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAAAATGTGCCAATGTATAGAGTATTGCGCTGATTATGTCGCAACAGTTTACAAATGCCTGATGATCTATCGTTTCTTACAGGTCTCCCGATCGACGAGTTCTCAAGGAAGAAGATGGACGCGACTGCCCAGGAGCTGTCGGAGGAGAAGACGCTCGCTTACTCATGCCTCAACTAAAACTAAGCAATACCCAGAGGGACAGATAGTGAGCGATTGCCCGCTCCCGTGTTTTTGAATAAAAGAGACTTTTAAGTTCCATCACATAGAAACTGTTTATCTCAGACCGCTGCACATCGCGAGATGTGGAGCGCAGATGCCGTTGCTGGTTTTACTCCAGTGTGTATTGAGGCTTTGTACTAGCTCCCTTTTTTTTGCCTGGTGATTCGCAGGACATTTGCTGAAAACATTGAACCCATTTGACATCTGATGGAATCATGGACCAGTAGCAAGTACATTTTGCGAAAGCATAATCTGCATCGGGCTTGGGCTGGTGGTTGAACTTTCTGCCACATGGCCCATGGAAACGTGAGTCGCGCTGTTACTG
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.3
    CGTTTCCCCCTCTCTCGCAAAACTCACCCAAAAGAGCAGCGTCGCCTCTCCTCCTCCTCCCTAACCCCTACGCTTCCAGAACCTTCTCGAAGCTCCCGCTCCCCCCCCCCTTCCGCTCCAATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAAAATGTGCCAATGTATAGAGTATTGCGCTGATTATGTCGCAACAGTTTACAAATGCCTGATGATCTATCGTTTCTTACAGGTCTCCCGATCGACGAGTTCTCAAGGAAGAAGATGGACGCGACTGCCCAGGAGCTGTCGGAGGAGAAGACGCTCGCTTACTCATGCCTCAACTAAAACTAAGCAATACCCAGAGGGACAGATAGTGAGCGATTGCCCGCTCCCGTGTTTTTGAATAAAAGAGACTTTTAAGTTCCATCACATAGAAACTGTTTATCTCAGACCGCTGCACATCGCGAGATGTGGAGCGCAGATGCCGTTGCTGGTTTTACTCCAGTGTGTATTGAGGCTTTGTACTAGCTCCCTTTTTTTTGCCTGGTGATTCGCAGGACATTTGCTGAAAACATTGAACCCATTTGACATCTGATGGAATCATGGACCAGTAGCAAGTACATTTTGCGAAAGCATAATCTGCATCGGGCTTGGGCTGGTGGTTGAACTTTCTGCCACATGGCCCATGGAAACGTGAGTCGCGCTGTTACTG
CDS Sequence
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.2
    ATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAA
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.1
    ATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAA
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.3
    ATGGCGAAGGAACCGATGCGCGTGCTCGTCACCGGCGCCGCAGGACAAATTGGATATGCTCTTGTCCCCATGATTGCTAGGGGTGTGATGTTGGGTGCTGACCAGCCTGTTATTCTACACATGCTTGACATTCCACCAGCTACTGAATCTCTTAATGGCCTTAAGATGGAGCTGGTTGATGCTGCATTTCCTCTTTTGAAGGGAATTGTCGCAACAACTGATGTTGTGGAGGCCTGCACTGGTGTGAATGTTGCGGTTATGGTTGGTGGGTTCCCCAGGAAGGAGGGAATGGAAAGGAAGGATGTTATGTCAAAAAATGTCTCCATCTACAAATCCCAAGCTTCTGCTCTTGAGGCTCATGCAGCCCCTAACTGCAAGGTTCTGGTAGTTGCCAATCCAGCAAACACCAACGCTCTCATCTTAAAAGAATTCGCTCCATCCATCCCTGAGAAGAACATTACTTGCCTCACCCGTCTTGACCACAACAGGGCACTTGGCCAGATCTCTGAAAAACTTAATGTCCAAGTTACTGATGTGAAGAATGCGATCATCTGGGGCAACCACTCATCCACCCAGTACCCTGATGTTAACCACGCCACTGTGAAGACTCCCAGTGGAGAGAAGCCTGTCAGGGAACTCGTTGCTGATGATGAGTGGTTAAATACGGAATTCATCTCTACCGTCCAGCAGCGTGGTGCCGCCATCATCAAGGCGAGGAAGCAATCCAGTGCCCTATCTGCTGCCAGCTCTGCATGCGATCACATTCGTGACTGGGTTCTTGGCACTCCTGAGGGAACATTTGTCTCCATGGGTGTGTACTCTGATGGTTCGTATGGTGTGCCTGCTGGTCTGATCTACTCGTTCCCAGTAACATGCAGTGGTGGCGAATGGACGATTGTTCAGGGTATGCTTGCTTACCTTCTTTCTACATGTTCATGGGCTGTCTGTTAA
Protein Sequence
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.2
    MAKEPMRVLVTGAAGQIGYALVPMIARGVMLGADQPVILHMLDIPPATESLNGLKMELVDAAFPLLKGIVATTDVVEACTGVNVAVMVGGFPRKEGMERKDVMSKNVSIYKSQASALEAHAAPNCKVLVVANPANTNALILKEFAPSIPEKNITCLTRLDHNRALGQISEKLNVQVTDVKNAIIWGNHSSTQYPDVNHATVKTPSGEKPVRELVADDEWLNTEFISTVQQRGAAIIKARKQSSALSAASSACDHIRDWVLGTPEGTFVSMGVYSDGSYGVPAGLIYSFPVTCSGGEWTIVQGMLAYLLSTCSWAVC*
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.1
    MAKEPMRVLVTGAAGQIGYALVPMIARGVMLGADQPVILHMLDIPPATESLNGLKMELVDAAFPLLKGIVATTDVVEACTGVNVAVMVGGFPRKEGMERKDVMSKNVSIYKSQASALEAHAAPNCKVLVVANPANTNALILKEFAPSIPEKNITCLTRLDHNRALGQISEKLNVQVTDVKNAIIWGNHSSTQYPDVNHATVKTPSGEKPVRELVADDEWLNTEFISTVQQRGAAIIKARKQSSALSAASSACDHIRDWVLGTPEGTFVSMGVYSDGSYGVPAGLIYSFPVTCSGGEWTIVQGMLAYLLSTCSWAVC*
  • >LOC_Os10g33800.3
    MAKEPMRVLVTGAAGQIGYALVPMIARGVMLGADQPVILHMLDIPPATESLNGLKMELVDAAFPLLKGIVATTDVVEACTGVNVAVMVGGFPRKEGMERKDVMSKNVSIYKSQASALEAHAAPNCKVLVVANPANTNALILKEFAPSIPEKNITCLTRLDHNRALGQISEKLNVQVTDVKNAIIWGNHSSTQYPDVNHATVKTPSGEKPVRELVADDEWLNTEFISTVQQRGAAIIKARKQSSALSAASSACDHIRDWVLGTPEGTFVSMGVYSDGSYGVPAGLIYSFPVTCSGGEWTIVQGMLAYLLSTCSWAVC*