Gene Details:
- MSU gene ID: LOC_Os10g28000
- RAPdb gene ID: Os10g0415300
- Gene Symbol: OsGR3 GR3
- Genome: MSU7 , IRGSP-1.0
- Species: Oryza sativa
Functional Descriptions:
- In this work, we describe the cloning and characterization of the full-length cDNA encoding OsGR3, a chloroplast-localized GR that up to now was considered as a non-functional enzyme because of assumed lack of N-terminal conserved domains.
- OsGR3 shows 76 and 53 % identity with OsGR1 (chloroplastic) and OsGR2 (cytosolic), respectively.
- A plastid transit peptide is located at the N terminus of OsGR3, and genetic transformation of rice with a GR3-GFP fusion construct further confirmed its localization in chloroplasts.
- Furthermore, OsGR1 and OsGR3 are also targeted to mitochondria, which suggest a combined antioxidant mechanism in both chloroplasts and mitochondria.
- In addition, the transcript level of OsGR3 was greatly increased with salicylic acid treatment but was not significantly affected by methyl jasmonate, dehydration or heat shock stress.
- In fact, exogenous application of ABA enhanced the expression of OsGR2 and OsGR3 in rice roots.
- On inhibiting ABA accumulation with sodium tungstate (Tu), an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, the expression of OsGR2 and OsGR3 was still induced by NaCl; therefore, NaCl-triggered expression of OsGR2 and OsGR3 in rice roots is not mediated by accumulation of ABA.
- However, both isoforms showed a distinct response to salinity: the expression of OsGR3 but not OsGR1 was induced by salt stress.
- Our results provide new clues about the possible roles of functional OsGR3 in salt stress and biotic stress tolerance.
- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to quantify the mRNA levels for one cytosolic (OsGR2) and two chloroplastic (OsGR1 and OsGR3) isoforms of GR identified in the rice genome.
- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was applied to quantify the mRNA levels for one cytosolic (OsGR2) and two chloroplastic (OsGR1 and OsGR3) isoforms of glutathione reductase identified in the rice genome.
- The expression of OsGR2 and OsGR3 but not OsGR1 was increased in rice roots treated with NaCl.
- NaCl-induced OsGR2 and OsGR3 in rice roots could be associated with Na(+) but not an osmotic component.
- The expression of OsGR2 and OsGR3 but not OsGR1 was increased in rice roots treated with 150 mM NaCl.
- However, NaCl treatment could induce H2O2 production in rice roots, and H2O2 treatment resulted in enhanced OsGR2 and OsGR3 induction.
- Moreover, the increase in H2O2 level was prior to the induction of OsGR2 and OsGR3 in NaCl-treated rice roots.
- Thus, H2O2, but not ABA, is involved in regulation of OsGR2 and OsGR3 expression in NaCl-treated rice roots.
- GR3 promoter-GUS was expressed in the vascular cylinder and cortex of root tissues in rice seedlings, vascular tissue of nodes, embryo and aleurone layer of seeds, and young flowers.
- Previously, we showed that salt-stress-responsive GR3 is a functional protein localized in chloroplasts and mitochondria in rice.
- Rice GR3 was primarily expressed in roots at the seedling stage and ubiquitously expressed in all tissues except the sheath at heading stage.
- Oxidative stress, indicated by malondialdehyde content, was greater in GR3 than the WT under salt stress.
- As compared with the WT, GR3 was sensitive to salt and methyl viologen; it showed inhibited growth, decreased maximal efficiency of photosystem II, decreased GSH and GSSG contents, and the ratio of GSH to GSSG.
- These results reveal that GR3 plays an important role in salt stress tolerance by regulating the GSH redox state in rice.
- To learn more about the role of GR3 in salt-stress tolerance, we investigated the response to 100 mM NaCl treatment in wild-type rice (WT); GR3 knockout mutant of rice (GR3); and the functional GR3-complementation line (C1).
Function-related keywords:
- chloroplast , jasmonate , ABA , salt-stress , mitochondria , salicylic-acid , biotic-stress , salinity , salt , root , seedling , sheath , oxidative-stress , oxidative , tolerance , stress , stress-tolerance
Literature:
- Na(+) but not Cl(-) or osmotic stress is involved in NaCl-induced expression of Glutathione reductase in roots of rice seedlings . DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.04.001 ; PMID: 19423186
- Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in heat shock- and cadmium-induced expression of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in leaves of rice seedlings . DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.11.012 ; PMID: 22196946
- Identification and characterization of a novel chloroplast/mitochondria co-localized glutathione reductase 3 involved in salt stress response in rice . DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0095-3 ; PMID: 23783412
- NaCl-induced expression of glutathione reductase in roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings is mediated through hydrogen peroxide but not abscisic acid . DOI: 10.1007/s11104-008-9874-z
- Gene knockout of glutathione reductase 3 results in increased sensitivity to salt stress in rice . DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0290-5 ; PMID: 25636203
Related News:
Gene Resources:
- NCBI ID: NM_001071135
- UniProt accessions:
Sequences:
cDNA Sequence
- >LOC_Os10g28000.1
CTGATGACCAACAAGAATTTAGAGTTGCAGCGCTTGGTGGGGGTTCAGACAAACATGCTAAAGAATTCTGGGGTCACTATAATTGAAGGCCGTGGAAAGGTTGTTGATCCACATACTGTCAGTGTTGATGGAAAGCTTTATACTGCAAAAAACATACTCATTGCAGTTGGTGGTCGGCCATCCATGCCAGACATTCCAGGGATAGAGCATGTTATTGATTCAGATGCAGCATTGGACCTGCCTTCAAGACCTGAGAAGATTGCGATAGTAGGAGGAGGGTATATTGCTTTGGAGTTTGCTGGCATTTTCAATGGCTTAAAAAGTGGTGTTCATGTTTTCATCCGACAGAAGAAAGTACTGAGAGGCTTTGATGAGGAGGTCAGGGATTTTGTTGCCGATCAGATGTCTTTGAGGGGTATCACATTTCATACCGAAGAGACTCCTCAAGCAGTAATGAAATCAGACGATGGCTTGCTGACTCTGACGACAAACAAAGGAAGCATAAATGGGTTCTCACATGTAATGTTTGCAACAGGACGAAAACCAAATACAAAGAATTTGGGTCTAGAAGAGGTTGGGGTCAAAATGGACAAGCATGGTGCTATTGTGGTTGATGAGTTCTCTCGAACCTCAGTTGATTCTATATGGGCTGTGGGTGATGTTACTAACAGGGTGAACTTGACACCGGTTGCATTAATGGAAGGTGGGGCATTAGCAAGGACTATTTTTGGCAATGAACCTACAAAACCAGATTACAGTGCTGTGCCATCTGCGGTGTTTTCCCAACCTCCAATTGGACAAGTTGGACTCACTGAAGAGAAGGCGATCGAAAAGTATGGAGATGTTGATGTCTACACATCAAACTTCAGACCTCTCAGGGCCACTCTTTCTGGTCTACCTGATCGTGTATACATGAAGGTTATCGTGTGTGCTAATACTAACAAAGTTCTAGGAGTGCACGTGTGTGGTGAAGATGCACCCGAGATTATTCAGGGTATTGCAATTGCTGTAAAGGCTGGGTTGATGAAGCAAAACTTTGATGCCACCATAGGTGTCCACCCAACCACTGCAGAAGAACTTGTCACAATGAGAAGCCCGACTAGGAAGGTCCGGAGAGATGCTGTGGATGAGGCCAAAATGAAAGATGAGGCCACAAGTCAGAAGTAGATACACCTGCCCTGCATAAATGAGTCTGACCAGTCGATTTCTAACCGCGGAAACAACAGACAGATATCGGTATTTCGAGCAGTACCAGAGAAATCCAACCCACGATTGCAGCCAGTGAAGAACGGAGATGAGTTACAGCAAATGGCTAGCTATCTCGTATATTGCATGGTTTATAAGTTCATTATTATAGAAACCAGCTCAAGTTCCTTTTATTTTTTTGGCCTAACATGTTACTGAAAGAAATGCTTCAGGTCCCGGTCAAAAAAAAGAAAGAAATGCTTCAGGATGTTGATAGTATTGCCGCATGAAATTTTTTGATTAAACAAC
CDS Sequence
- >LOC_Os10g28000.1
ATGACCAACAAGAATTTAGAGTTGCAGCGCTTGGTGGGGGTTCAGACAAACATGCTAAAGAATTCTGGGGTCACTATAATTGAAGGCCGTGGAAAGGTTGTTGATCCACATACTGTCAGTGTTGATGGAAAGCTTTATACTGCAAAAAACATACTCATTGCAGTTGGTGGTCGGCCATCCATGCCAGACATTCCAGGGATAGAGCATGTTATTGATTCAGATGCAGCATTGGACCTGCCTTCAAGACCTGAGAAGATTGCGATAGTAGGAGGAGGGTATATTGCTTTGGAGTTTGCTGGCATTTTCAATGGCTTAAAAAGTGGTGTTCATGTTTTCATCCGACAGAAGAAAGTACTGAGAGGCTTTGATGAGGAGGTCAGGGATTTTGTTGCCGATCAGATGTCTTTGAGGGGTATCACATTTCATACCGAAGAGACTCCTCAAGCAGTAATGAAATCAGACGATGGCTTGCTGACTCTGACGACAAACAAAGGAAGCATAAATGGGTTCTCACATGTAATGTTTGCAACAGGACGAAAACCAAATACAAAGAATTTGGGTCTAGAAGAGGTTGGGGTCAAAATGGACAAGCATGGTGCTATTGTGGTTGATGAGTTCTCTCGAACCTCAGTTGATTCTATATGGGCTGTGGGTGATGTTACTAACAGGGTGAACTTGACACCGGTTGCATTAATGGAAGGTGGGGCATTAGCAAGGACTATTTTTGGCAATGAACCTACAAAACCAGATTACAGTGCTGTGCCATCTGCGGTGTTTTCCCAACCTCCAATTGGACAAGTTGGACTCACTGAAGAGAAGGCGATCGAAAAGTATGGAGATGTTGATGTCTACACATCAAACTTCAGACCTCTCAGGGCCACTCTTTCTGGTCTACCTGATCGTGTATACATGAAGGTTATCGTGTGTGCTAATACTAACAAAGTTCTAGGAGTGCACGTGTGTGGTGAAGATGCACCCGAGATTATTCAGGGTATTGCAATTGCTGTAAAGGCTGGGTTGATGAAGCAAAACTTTGATGCCACCATAGGTGTCCACCCAACCACTGCAGAAGAACTTGTCACAATGAGAAGCCCGACTAGGAAGGTCCGGAGAGATGCTGTGGATGAGGCCAAAATGAAAGATGAGGCCACAAGTCAGAAGTAG
Protein Sequence
- >LOC_Os10g28000.1
MTNKNLELQRLVGVQTNMLKNSGVTIIEGRGKVVDPHTVSVDGKLYTAKNILIAVGGRPSMPDIPGIEHVIDSDAALDLPSRPEKIAIVGGGYIALEFAGIFNGLKSGVHVFIRQKKVLRGFDEEVRDFVADQMSLRGITFHTEETPQAVMKSDDGLLTLTTNKGSINGFSHVMFATGRKPNTKNLGLEEVGVKMDKHGAIVVDEFSRTSVDSIWAVGDVTNRVNLTPVALMEGGALARTIFGNEPTKPDYSAVPSAVFSQPPIGQVGLTEEKAIEKYGDVDVYTSNFRPLRATLSGLPDRVYMKVIVCANTNKVLGVHVCGEDAPEIIQGIAIAVKAGLMKQNFDATIGVHPTTAEELVTMRSPTRKVRRDAVDEAKMKDEATSQK*