Information report for An-1
Gene Details
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Functional Descriptions
- The nearly-isogenic line (NIL-An-1) carrying a wild allele An-1 in the genetic background of the awnless indica Guangluai4 produces long awns and longer grains, but significantly fewer grains per panicle compared with Guangluai4.
- Thus, we propose that awn loss was favored and strongly selected by humans, as genetic variations at the An-1 locus that cause awn loss would increase grain numbers and subsequently improve grain yield in cultivated rice.
- Transgenic studies confirmed that An-1 positively regulates awn elongation, but negatively regulates grain number per panicle.
- An-1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein that regulates awn development, grain size, and grain number in rice.
- We report here the molecular cloning of a major quantitative trait locus, An-1, which regulates long awn formation in O.
- Genetic variations in the An-1 locus were found to be associated with awn loss in cultivated rice.
- An-1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein, which regulates cell division.
- Analyses of minimum spanning trees and introgression regions demonstrated that An-1, an important gene for awn formation, was preferentially domesticated, and its mutation to An-1 was followed by GLA and An-2.
Functional Keywords
- grains-per-panicle , grain-yield , grain-number , awn , panicle , yield , grain , grain-size , cell-division
Literature and News
- An-1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein that regulates awn development, grain size, and grain number in rice . DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.113589 ; PMID: 24076974
- Natural alleles of GLA for grain length and awn development were differently domesticated in rice subspecies japonica and indica . DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13080 ; PMID: 30663245
Gene Resources
- UniProt: Q0JDZ1
- EMBL: AK108605, AP014960
- AlphaFoldDB: Q0JDZ1
- EnsemblPlants: Os04t0350700-01
- Gramene: Os04t0350700-01
- KEGG: osa:4335553
- Orthologous matrix: NHMKAEP
- InterPro: IPR011598, IPR024097, IPR036638
- PANTHER: PTHR12565, PTHR12565:SF418
- SUPFAM: SSF47459
- PROSITE: PS50888
- Gene3D: 4.10.280.10
- OrthoDB: Q0JDZ1
- SWISS-MODEL: Q0JDZ1
- Conserved Domain Database: cd18919
- eggNOG: ENOG502QRSF
Homologs
- Brachypodium distachyon: Bradi5g06620.1.p
- Hordeum vulgare: MLOC_66841.1, MLOC_66841.2
- Sesamum indicum: XP_011084194.1
- Setaria italica: Seita.7G058600.1.p
- Setaria viridis: Sevir.7G065700.1.p
- Triticum aestivum: Traes_2BL_FDD7CBAD0.2, Traes_2DL_AD34A7228.2, Traes_2AL_8E714CD46.1
Sequences
cDNA Sequence
- >LOC_Os04g28280.1
ATGAACCCCACCACCGCCGCCGCCGCCGACCAACCATCCAAGCCCTCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCCGGAAGCGCAAGTCGTCGGCGAAGCCCAAGGCCTCGTCCTCATCCTTACCCACGGCCACGGCGACGACGAACGCGAGCCCGAAGCGGTCCAAGGTCGCCGCCGGCGCCGGAGACGACGGCGACGCCGACGCCGACGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGCCGGAGCCAGCCAAAGACTACATCCATGTGAGGGCGAGGCGGGGGCAAGCCACCGATAGCCATAGCCTCGCCGAGAGGGTGAGGAGGGAGAGGATAAGCGAGAGGATGAAGCTTCTGCAGTCGCTCGTGCCAGGCTGCAACAAGATCACCGGCAAGGCTCTCATGCTGGACGAGATCATCAACTATGTGCAGTCGCTGCAGCGTCAGGTCGAGTTTTTGTCCATGAAGTTGGCGACCATGAATCCTCAGCTGGACTTTGACAGCCATTACATGCCTTCCAAAGATATGAGCCATATGCCAGTACCCGCATACCCGTCAAGCGATCCGACCACCACCACCGCGTTCTCCTACACCGGCTCACCCGCCACTGCTGATCCATTCACCGTCTACAACTGCTGGGAGCTCGACCTCCACACCGCTATGCAAATGGGAGCCACCACCGGACTCAGCCAAGACGGTCCAATCGCAACGATGGCACCCTCTCCCTCGCCATTGCCGCACCATCCTCCTCTTCACGGCTTCTACGGGGGGCAGCAGCAGCAGGGGACGACAGTAAACCACATGAAGGCCGAGCCATAA
CDS Sequence
- >LOC_Os04g28280.1
ATGAACCCCACCACCGCCGCCGCCGCCGACCAACCATCCAAGCCCTCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCCGGAAGCGCAAGTCGTCGGCGAAGCCCAAGGCCTCGTCCTCATCCTTACCCACGGCCACGGCGACGACGAACGCGAGCCCGAAGCGGTCCAAGGTCGCCGCCGGCGCCGGAGACGACGGCGACGCCGACGCCGACGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGCCGGAGCCAGCCAAAGACTACATCCATGTGAGGGCGAGGCGGGGGCAAGCCACCGATAGCCATAGCCTCGCCGAGAGGGTGAGGAGGGAGAGGATAAGCGAGAGGATGAAGCTTCTGCAGTCGCTCGTGCCAGGCTGCAACAAGATCACCGGCAAGGCTCTCATGCTGGACGAGATCATCAACTATGTGCAGTCGCTGCAGCGTCAGGTCGAGTTTTTGTCCATGAAGTTGGCGACCATGAATCCTCAGCTGGACTTTGACAGCCATTACATGCCTTCCAAAGATATGAGCCATATGCCAGTACCCGCATACCCGTCAAGCGATCCGACCACCACCACCGCGTTCTCCTACACCGGCTCACCCGCCACTGCTGATCCATTCACCGTCTACAACTGCTGGGAGCTCGACCTCCACACCGCTATGCAAATGGGAGCCACCACCGGACTCAGCCAAGACGGTCCAATCGCAACGATGGCACCCTCTCCCTCGCCATTGCCGCACCATCCTCCTCTTCACGGCTTCTACGGGGGGCAGCAGCAGCAGGGGACGACAGTAAACCACATGAAGGCCGAGCCATAA
Protein Sequence
- >LOC_Os04g28280.1
MNPTTAAAADQPSKPSAAAAARKRKSSAKPKASSSSLPTATATTNASPKRSKVAAGAGDDGDADADAAEEKPEPAKDYIHVRARRGQATDSHSLAERVRRERISERMKLLQSLVPGCNKITGKALMLDEIINYVQSLQRQVEFLSMKLATMNPQLDFDSHYMPSKDMSHMPVPAYPSSDPTTTTAFSYTGSPATADPFTVYNCWELDLHTAMQMGATTGLSQDGPIATMAPSPSPLPHHPPLHGFYGGQQQQGTTVNHMKAEP*