Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • We also demonstrated that a rice strain carrying a classical morphological marker mutation, fine culm 1 (fc1), contain the loss-of-function mutation of OsTB1 and exhibits enhanced lateral branching.
  • The expression of an auxin transporter (OsAUX1) and a tillering inhibitor (OsTB1) were downregulated by overexpression of OsmiR393, which suggested that a gene chain from OsmiR393 to rice tillering may be from OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 to OsAUX1, which affected the transportation of auxin, then to OsTB1, which finally controlled tillering.
  • We propose that FC1 acts as an integrator of multiple signaling pathways and is essential to the fine-tuning of shoot branching in rice.
  • On the other hand, the expression level of FC1 is negatively regulated by cytokinin treatment.
  • Here we report that OsMADS57 interacts with OsTB1 (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1) and targets D14 (Dwarf14) to control the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice.
  • Expression of OsTB1, as examined with a putative promoter-glucuronidase (GUS) gene fusion, was observed throughout the axillary bud, as well as the basal part of the shoot apical meristem, vascular tissues in the pith and the lamina joint.
  • An in situ hybridization analysis showed that FC1 mRNA accumulates in axillary buds, the shoot apical meristem, young leaves, vascular tissues and the tips of crown roots.
  • We found that the increased tillering phenotype of fine culm1 (FC1) mutants of rice is not rescued by the application of 1 microM GR24, a synthetic SL analog.
  • Treatment with a high concentration of GR24 (10 microM) causes suppression of tiller growth in wild-type plants, but is not effective on FC1 mutants, implying that proper FC1 functioning is required for SLs to inhibit bud growth.
  • Overexpression of FC1 partially rescued d3-2 defects in the tiller growth and plant height.
  • The rice TB1 gene (OsTB1) was first identified based on its sequence similarity with maize TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1 (TB1), which is involved in lateral branching in maize.
  • Transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsTB1 exhibited markedly reduced lateral branching without the propagation of axillary buds being affected.
  • Taking these data together, we concluded that OsTB1 functions as a negative regulator for lateral branching in rice, presumably through expression in axillary buds.
  • The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice.
  • FINE CULM1 (FC1) works downstream of strigolactones to inhibit the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice.
  • Therefore, OsMIR444a-regulated OsMADS57, together with OsTB1, target D14 to control tillering.
  • The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14.
  • In addition, we present observations that suggest that FINE CULM1 (FC1), a rice ortholog of teosinte branched 1 (tb1), possibly works independently of the branching inhibitor pathway.
  • Our study of a locus involved in resistance to lodging demonstrated that saturation editing of the qSCSA3-1/OsTB1/SCM3 region led to loss-of-function, normal-like, and gain-of-function plant types, based on OsTB1 expression and stem cross-section area.
  • One gain-of-function allele recapitulated a previously described beneficial allele of OsTB1 carrying a TGTG insertion in the 5’ region of OsTB1 and enhanced OsTB1 expression at the inflorescence formation stage.
  • We propose that mildly enhanced tillering by in-frame mutation of OsTB1 can improve grain yield under low phosphorus conditions.
  • In contrast, in-frame mutations in OsTB1 had the effect of slightly increasing tiller numbers, and the in-frame mutants had 40% more panicles than non-mutated plants.
  • Our findings show that the moderately increased panicle number combined with large-sized panicles using MP3 could be a novel IPA and contribute to an increase in rice production under climate change with rising atmospheric CO(2) levels.
  • MP3 is a natural allele of OsTB1/FC1, previously reported as a negative regulator of tiller bud outgrowth.
  • No selective sweep at MP3 in either the temperate japonica or indica subgroups suggested that MP3 has not been involved and utilized in artificial selection during domestication or breeding.

Literature:

Gene Resources:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g49880.1
    AAGATGGCAACACCCTGATCTCTAGCTTAGCTGCAGAGGGGAGAGGAACCTCACATCCAAACTCCTAGCTACAACTTGTACTAGCATCCTAAGCAACCAAGCACAACCAAAGCAAGCAAGCACGAACAATTCTTTCTTCCTCTCTACCTCTAGCTGCTGCCTGCCTCCTAATCCTCCTACCCACCACTCCACATGAGCCCATGCTGTGTGCCTGTGTCTGTGTGTGTGTTCTACTCCTACCATGAGAGAAGAGACCAAGCATCAACCAAGCTAGCTAGCTCGTCCTCTCCTCGATCTCTACTTCTCTCTCCCACACAAGCTGAGCGCCCAGGTAGGCTGCCTGCTAGGTCTCGTGCATGGCCGGACACATCTGATCATAGCCCACTACGGCACTATTCCCCCCTTCCGCCTCGCACGCTGAGAGGTGGCCGGAGAGGGAGGGAGGCCAGCGAGCAGCAGTAGCAGCAGCAACGCGGCTAGGAGTAAGGAGTCCCATCAGTAAAGCATGCTTCCTTTCTTCGATTCCCCAAGCCCCATGGACATACCGCTTTACCAACAGCTTCAGCTCACCCCTCCCTCTCCAAAGCCCGACCACCACCACCACCACCATTCCACCTTCTTCTACTACCACCACCACCCACCTCCCTCCCCTTCCTTCCCCTCCTTCCCCTCCCCCGCCGCCGCCACGATCGCCTCGCCGTCGCCGGCCATGCACCCCTTCATGGACTTGGAGTTGGAGCCGCATGGGCAGCAGCTGGCGGCGGCGGAGGAGGACGGGGCAGGCGGGCAAGGCGTCGACGCCGGGGTGCCCTTCGGCGTCGACGGAGCGGCGGCGGCCGCGGCGGCGAGGAAGGACCGGCACAGCAAGATAAGCACCGCCGGCGGGATGAGGGACCGGCGGATGCGGCTGTCCCTCGACGTCGCCCGCAAGTTCTTCGCGCTCCAGGACATGCTCGGCTTCGACAAGGCCAGCAAGACGGTGCAATGGCTCCTCAACATGTCCAAGGCCGCCATCCGGGAGATCATGAGCGACGACGCCTCCTCCGTCTGCGAGGAGGACGGCTCCAGCAGCCTCTCCGTCGACGGCAAGCAGCAGCAGCACAGCAACCCGGCGGATCGGGGCGGCGGCGCCGGGGACCACAAGGGCGCCGCTCACGGCCACAGCGACGGGAAGAAGCCGGCCAAGCCGAGAAGGGCAGCGGCCAACCCGAAGCCACCGCGGCGGCTGGCCAATGCGCACCCCGTCCCCGACAAGGAGTCGCGCGCCAAGGCGAGGGAGCGGGCGCGGGAGCGGACCAAGGAGAAGAACCGGATGCGGTGGGTCACCCTCGCCTCGGCAATCAGCGTCGAGGCGGCCACCGCGGCGGCGGCCGCGGGGGAGGACAAGTCGCCGACGAGCCCCAGCAACAACCTGAACCACTCATCGTCCACCAATCTTGTGAGCACCGAATTGGAGGACGGCTCCTCGTCAACGCGCCACAACGGCGTCGGCGTCAGCGGCGGCCGGATGCAAGAAATCTCGGCGGCTAGCGAGGCGAGCGACGTGATCATGGCGTTCGCCAACGGCGGCGCGTACGGCGACAGCGGCAGCTACTACCTGCAGCAGCAGCATCAGCAGGATCAGTGGGAGCTCGGCGGCGTCGTCTACGCCAATTCGCGGCACTACTGCTGATGTGATCATCCATCCACACACGAACGAACGAACGAACGGTACGGCACTAAGATCGAACTCCTGCAGCTACATAATTATCCTTTGCTTCTCAAGAGTAATAATTCTTGACGTGTTAATTAATCCGGGTGTGTATTAATTCCCTCTTTATTATTTTTTCTCGCGTTTATCCGGAGTTGACTGTGGTGAAGACGAACTTTGGTTTGGTCATCGCATGGTGTGCATTGCATATATAGCTAGCACTATCGTCTGATCGATGATTCATCATCAATGGAGTCGTCTAGTATTAA
CDS Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g49880.1
    ATGCTTCCTTTCTTCGATTCCCCAAGCCCCATGGACATACCGCTTTACCAACAGCTTCAGCTCACCCCTCCCTCTCCAAAGCCCGACCACCACCACCACCACCATTCCACCTTCTTCTACTACCACCACCACCCACCTCCCTCCCCTTCCTTCCCCTCCTTCCCCTCCCCCGCCGCCGCCACGATCGCCTCGCCGTCGCCGGCCATGCACCCCTTCATGGACTTGGAGTTGGAGCCGCATGGGCAGCAGCTGGCGGCGGCGGAGGAGGACGGGGCAGGCGGGCAAGGCGTCGACGCCGGGGTGCCCTTCGGCGTCGACGGAGCGGCGGCGGCCGCGGCGGCGAGGAAGGACCGGCACAGCAAGATAAGCACCGCCGGCGGGATGAGGGACCGGCGGATGCGGCTGTCCCTCGACGTCGCCCGCAAGTTCTTCGCGCTCCAGGACATGCTCGGCTTCGACAAGGCCAGCAAGACGGTGCAATGGCTCCTCAACATGTCCAAGGCCGCCATCCGGGAGATCATGAGCGACGACGCCTCCTCCGTCTGCGAGGAGGACGGCTCCAGCAGCCTCTCCGTCGACGGCAAGCAGCAGCAGCACAGCAACCCGGCGGATCGGGGCGGCGGCGCCGGGGACCACAAGGGCGCCGCTCACGGCCACAGCGACGGGAAGAAGCCGGCCAAGCCGAGAAGGGCAGCGGCCAACCCGAAGCCACCGCGGCGGCTGGCCAATGCGCACCCCGTCCCCGACAAGGAGTCGCGCGCCAAGGCGAGGGAGCGGGCGCGGGAGCGGACCAAGGAGAAGAACCGGATGCGGTGGGTCACCCTCGCCTCGGCAATCAGCGTCGAGGCGGCCACCGCGGCGGCGGCCGCGGGGGAGGACAAGTCGCCGACGAGCCCCAGCAACAACCTGAACCACTCATCGTCCACCAATCTTGTGAGCACCGAATTGGAGGACGGCTCCTCGTCAACGCGCCACAACGGCGTCGGCGTCAGCGGCGGCCGGATGCAAGAAATCTCGGCGGCTAGCGAGGCGAGCGACGTGATCATGGCGTTCGCCAACGGCGGCGCGTACGGCGACAGCGGCAGCTACTACCTGCAGCAGCAGCATCAGCAGGATCAGTGGGAGCTCGGCGGCGTCGTCTACGCCAATTCGCGGCACTACTGCTGA
Protein Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g49880.1
    MLPFFDSPSPMDIPLYQQLQLTPPSPKPDHHHHHHSTFFYYHHHPPPSPSFPSFPSPAAATIASPSPAMHPFMDLELEPHGQQLAAAEEDGAGGQGVDAGVPFGVDGAAAAAAARKDRHSKISTAGGMRDRRMRLSLDVARKFFALQDMLGFDKASKTVQWLLNMSKAAIREIMSDDASSVCEEDGSSSLSVDGKQQQHSNPADRGGGAGDHKGAAHGHSDGKKPAKPRRAAANPKPPRRLANAHPVPDKESRAKARERARERTKEKNRMRWVTLASAISVEAATAAAAAGEDKSPTSPSNNLNHSSSTNLVSTELEDGSSSTRHNGVGVSGGRMQEISAASEASDVIMAFANGGAYGDSGSYYLQQQHQQDQWELGGVVYANSRHYC*