Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • The results indicate that GS1;1 is important for normal growth and grain filling in rice; GS1;2 and GS1;3 were not able to compensate for GS1;1 function.
  • In both the genotypes, both increase and decline in seed protein contents matched with the expressions levels of OsAMT1;1, OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 in the flag leaves during grain filling stage indicating that high nitrogen nutrition in KN3119 probably causes the repression of these genes which might be important during grain filling.
  • By contrast, OsGLN1;2 was abundantly expressed in the same cell layers under nitrogen-sufficient conditions, replenishing the loss of OsGLN1;1 following ammonium treatment.
  • OsGS1;1 was expressed in all organs tested with higher expression in leaf blades, while OsGS1;2, and OsGS1;3 were expressed mainly in roots and spikelets, respectively.
  • Among the three isoenzymes of the cytosolic GS1 gene family in rice, OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 were abundantly expressed in roots.
  • Low-affinity forms of GS1 comparable to those in Arabidopsis (GLN1;2 and GLN1;3) were absent in rice roots.
  • The OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 transcripts showed reciprocal responses to ammonium supply in the surface cell layers of roots.
  • The high-capacity Gln synthetic activities of OsGLN1;1 and OsGLN1;2 facilitate active ammonium assimilation in specific cell types in rice roots.
  • Although a small gene family for both GS and GOGAT is present in rice, ammonium-dependent and cell type-specific expression suggest that cytosolic GS1;2 and plastidic NADH-GOGAT1 are responsible for the primary assimilation of ammonium ions in the roots.
  • Although a high content of strigolactone in rice roots is known to reduce active tiller number, the reduction of outgrowth of axillary buds observed in the GS1;2 mutants was independent of the level of strigolactone.
  • Transcriptomic analysis using a 5 mm basal region of rice shoots showed that the GS1;2 mutants accumulated reduced amounts of mRNAs for carbon and nitrogen metabolism, including C1 unit transfer in lignin synthesis.
  • The lack of GS1;2 resulted in reduced accumulation of lignin.
  • Thus metabolic disorder caused by the lack of GS1;2 resulted in a severe reduction in the outgrowth of axillary buds and lignin deposition.
  • Thus, organic N assimilated by OsGS1;1 affects a broad range of metabolites and transcripts involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and plastid development in rice roots, whereas OsGS1;2 has a more specific role, affecting mainly amino acid homeostasis but not C metabolism.
  • We observed (i) abnormal sugar and organic N accumulation and (ii) significant upregulation of genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in the roots of Osgs1;1 but not OsGS1;2 knockout mutants.

Literature:

Gene Resources:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g12290.1
    TGGAAAACTGACCCACTATATTTTGCTCCTCCTTTTAGTTGTAAACATCCTTCTGGAAATACATATGTGCACAAGCACAGTGCTCACATAATTCATGAGTTGGACACCAGATGAAAAAAAACCCCAAGAAAATAATAAGTGGAGTAAACTTCCATCCAACTTAAGTTACCACGGTCCACGGTTAATTCCTATTGACTACGAACAAATTGTTTTACTATGTTAACCATGTTTTTTTAGACAATAGTGTCAAATTATCATATTACGTATGAATTTATGATTACACCTCTTCTTTCTCCCTGAAAATACTGCAGCATCCTCTCGATTTGAGATGATTACTTCAGTTTCTTGCCACACCAGAGGTAATCCATTCCCTTGATTTTTGTTAAAAGATAAAGATAATATAGACGCTATCTTTTTAAACGGCCAATATCATTATTAATCAAATAACTGAAAAAAAAATGTCTCTGAATGATACTTGCCCCTACTTCGCTATCCACAGTTGCGATTTGCGACTTGCAAGCACACCGTAGCTAACTTCTCTCCTTCTGGGTATAAATATCCCTCTCCTCTCCCTGTTTCTCCTCATCCCTGCTTCCTCTTCTACACCTCATTTTCCGCTTGCATCTTGCTCATTCAGATCTCTTCTGCTTTGAGCAATGGCCAACCTCACCGACCTCGTTAACCTCAACCTCAGCGACTGCAGCGACAAGATCATCGCCGAGTACATCTGGGTTGGAGGATCGGGCATAGACCTCAGGAGCAAAGCGAGGACTGTGAAAGGCCCCATCACCGATGTGAGCCAGCTGCCGAAGTGGAACTACGACGGCTCCAGCACCGGGCAGGCTCCCGGCGAGGACAGCGAAGTGATCCTCTACCCTCAAGCCATTTTCAAGGACCCGTTCAGGAGGGGCGACAACATCCTTGTGATGTGCGACTGCTACACGCCACAAGGTGAGCCAATCCCCACTAACAAGAGGCACAGTGCCGCCAAGATCTTCAGCCACCCTGATGTTGTTGCTGAGGTGCCATGGTACGGTATTGAGCAGGAGTACACACTCCTTCAAAAGGATGTGAACTGGCCCCTTGGCTGGCCAGTTGGTGGCTTCCCTGGCCCACAGGGACCATACTACTGCGCTGCCGGTGCCGAAAAGGCGTTCGGCCGCGACATCGTGGACGCCCACTACAAGGCCTGCATCTACGCCGGGATCAACATCAGTGGCATCAACGGGGAAGTCATGCCCGGCCAGTGGGAGTTCCAAGTTGGCCCGTCAGTTGGCATCGCCGCTGCTGACCAAGTGTGGGTTGCCCGCTACATCCTCGAGAGGGTCACAGAGGTGGCCGGAGTCGTGCTCTCCCTTGACCCGAAGCCGATCCCGGGTGACTGGAATGGCGCTGGTGCCCACACCAACTTCAGCACCAAGTCGATGAGGGAGCCGGGAGGCTACGAGGTGATCAAGAAGGCGATCGACAAGCTCGCGCTGAGGCACAAGGAGCACATCGCCGCCTACGGCGAGGGCAACGAGCGCCGCCTCACCGGCCGCCACGAGACCGCCGACATCAACACCTTCAAATGGGGCGTGGCGAACCGCGGCGCGTCCATCCGCGTGGGGCGCGACACGGAGAAGGAGGGCAAGGGGTACTTCGAGGACAGGAGGCCGGCGTCCAACATGGACCCATACGTCGTCACCGGCATGATCGCCGAGACCACGCTGCTGTGGAAGCAGAACTAAGCCGTCCGGCGGGCCTCTCCCGTGCATTTCTGCGCCCAAAAAAAACAAAAAAAAGAAACGTACGCGTGCGTGCATCAGCCGTGATGTGTCAACGTTGGATTTCGGTCTCGGTCTATCCTTGGCGTCGACAAGGCCCTTTGAATTTTATTACTAGTCTGTCCTGTTCACCGAGTGTCATTTTGTGTACTCTGAATAATAATGCTTTGTAAAACGGATTTGCTTTTTCCGTAGGGACGGATGTTCTTGATTTTCCTATATCGTGATTTATATATATGGAAAACCGCTGTCTTTTTTTGTTCGATCA
CDS Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g12290.1
    ATGGCCAACCTCACCGACCTCGTTAACCTCAACCTCAGCGACTGCAGCGACAAGATCATCGCCGAGTACATCTGGGTTGGAGGATCGGGCATAGACCTCAGGAGCAAAGCGAGGACTGTGAAAGGCCCCATCACCGATGTGAGCCAGCTGCCGAAGTGGAACTACGACGGCTCCAGCACCGGGCAGGCTCCCGGCGAGGACAGCGAAGTGATCCTCTACCCTCAAGCCATTTTCAAGGACCCGTTCAGGAGGGGCGACAACATCCTTGTGATGTGCGACTGCTACACGCCACAAGGTGAGCCAATCCCCACTAACAAGAGGCACAGTGCCGCCAAGATCTTCAGCCACCCTGATGTTGTTGCTGAGGTGCCATGGTACGGTATTGAGCAGGAGTACACACTCCTTCAAAAGGATGTGAACTGGCCCCTTGGCTGGCCAGTTGGTGGCTTCCCTGGCCCACAGGGACCATACTACTGCGCTGCCGGTGCCGAAAAGGCGTTCGGCCGCGACATCGTGGACGCCCACTACAAGGCCTGCATCTACGCCGGGATCAACATCAGTGGCATCAACGGGGAAGTCATGCCCGGCCAGTGGGAGTTCCAAGTTGGCCCGTCAGTTGGCATCGCCGCTGCTGACCAAGTGTGGGTTGCCCGCTACATCCTCGAGAGGGTCACAGAGGTGGCCGGAGTCGTGCTCTCCCTTGACCCGAAGCCGATCCCGGGTGACTGGAATGGCGCTGGTGCCCACACCAACTTCAGCACCAAGTCGATGAGGGAGCCGGGAGGCTACGAGGTGATCAAGAAGGCGATCGACAAGCTCGCGCTGAGGCACAAGGAGCACATCGCCGCCTACGGCGAGGGCAACGAGCGCCGCCTCACCGGCCGCCACGAGACCGCCGACATCAACACCTTCAAATGGGGCGTGGCGAACCGCGGCGCGTCCATCCGCGTGGGGCGCGACACGGAGAAGGAGGGCAAGGGGTACTTCGAGGACAGGAGGCCGGCGTCCAACATGGACCCATACGTCGTCACCGGCATGATCGCCGAGACCACGCTGCTGTGGAAGCAGAACTAA
Protein Sequence
  • >LOC_Os03g12290.1
    MANLTDLVNLNLSDCSDKIIAEYIWVGGSGIDLRSKARTVKGPITDVSQLPKWNYDGSSTGQAPGEDSEVILYPQAIFKDPFRRGDNILVMCDCYTPQGEPIPTNKRHSAAKIFSHPDVVAEVPWYGIEQEYTLLQKDVNWPLGWPVGGFPGPQGPYYCAAGAEKAFGRDIVDAHYKACIYAGINISGINGEVMPGQWEFQVGPSVGIAAADQVWVARYILERVTEVAGVVLSLDPKPIPGDWNGAGAHTNFSTKSMREPGGYEVIKKAIDKLALRHKEHIAAYGEGNERRLTGRHETADINTFKWGVANRGASIRVGRDTEKEGKGYFEDRRPASNMDPYVVTGMIAETTLLWKQN*