Information report for PLA2;LHD2
Gene Details
|
|
Functional Descriptions
- These results indicate that both PLA1 and PLA2 act downstream of the GA signal transduction pathway to regulate leaf development.
- Here, we present a detailed analysis of plastochron2 (PLA2), a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant that exhibits shortened plastochron and precocious maturation of leaves during the vegetative phase and ectopic shoot formation during the reproductive phase.
- We found that gibberellin (GA) is the major phytohormone that promotes PLA1 and PLA2 expression.
- Rice PLASTOCHRON 1 (PLA1) and PLA2 genes regulate leaf maturation and plastochron, and their loss-of-function mutants exhibit small organs and rapid leaf emergence.
- Here, we reported the characterization of the rice leafy-head2 (LHD2) mutant that exhibits shortened plastochron, dwarfism, reduced tiller number, and failure of phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth.
- pla3 exhibits similar phenotypes to pla1 and PLA2- a shortened plastochron, precocious leaf maturation and rachis branch-to-shoot conversion in the reproductive phase.
- However, in contrast to pla1 and PLA2, pla3 showed pleiotropic phenotypes including enlarged embryo, seed vivipary, defects in SAM maintenance and aberrant leaf morphology.
- GA induced PLA1 and PLA2 expression, and conversely the GA-inhibitor uniconazole suppressed PLA1 and PLA2 expression.
- In pla1-4 and PLA2-1 seedlings, expression levels of GA biosynthesis genes and the signal transduction gene were similar to those in wild-type seedlings.
- GA treatment slightly down-regulated the GA biosynthesis gene GA20ox2 and up-regulated the GA-catabolizing gene GA2ox4, whereas the GA biosynthesis inhibitor uniconazole up-regulated GA20ox2 and down-regulated GA2ox4 both in wild-type and pla mutants, suggesting that the GA feedback mechanism is not impaired in pla1 and PLA2.
- To reveal how GA signal transduction affects the expression of PLA1 and PLA2, PLA expression in GA-signaling mutants was examined.
- Anatomical and histological study revealed that the rapid emergence of leaves in LHD2 was resulted from the rapid initiation of leaf primordia whereas the reduced tiller number was a consequence of the suppression of the tiller bud outgrowth.
- Here, we investigated how PLA1 and PLA2 genes are related to phytohormones.
- PLA2 is expressed predominantly in young leaf primordia.
- We show that PLA2 normally acts to retard the rate of leaf maturation but does so independently of PLA1, which encodes a member of the P450 family.
- The similar phenotypes caused by LHD2 mutation and the conserved expression pattern of LHD2 indicated a conserved mechanism in controlling the temporal leaf initiation in grass.
- Comparison of genome-scale expression profiles between wild-type and LHD2 plants suggested that LHD2 may regulate rice shoot development through KNOX and hormone-related genes.
Functional Keywords
- leaf-development , vegetative , gibberellin , leaf , dwarf , ga , growth , seedling , phytohormone , reproductive , shoot , tiller-number , tiller , seed
Literature and News
- Rice PLASTOCHRON genes regulate leaf maturation downstream of the gibberellin signal transduction pathway . DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1639-5 ; PMID: 22476293
- Leafy head2, which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein, regulates shoot development of rice . DOI: 10.1038/sj.cr.7310034 ; PMID: 16541125
- PLASTOCHRON3/GOLIATH encodes a glutamate carboxypeptidase required for proper development in rice . DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03841.x ; PMID: 19228340
- PLASTOCHRON2 regulates leaf initiation and maturation in rice . DOI: 10.1105/tpc.105.037622 ; PMID: 16461585
Gene Resources
- UniProt: Q0JGS5
- EMBL: AB244276, AP003380, AP006531
- AlphaFoldDB: Q0JGS5
- EnsemblPlants: Os01t0907900-01
- Gramene: Os01t0907900-01
- KEGG: dosa:Os01g0907900
- Orthologous matrix: MLDQHCI
- InterPro: IPR000504, IPR007201, IPR012677
Sequences
cDNA Sequence
- >LOC_Os01g68000.1
ATGGAGGAAGGAGGTGGGAGTGGCGTGGGTGGGATGCAGGGAGCGGCGTCGAATCTTCTGGACGCCGGAGCTCAGGCGTTCTACCCTGCCGTCGGCGCGCCGTTCCCGTTCCAGCAGCTTCCGCACCAGCTGTACTGCCCGCAGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGTACCAGGTCATGCCGGTGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGGTGGGCTTGCCTGTACCGCCGCTGCCGGCGACGATGGCGCCGCAGCCGGGCTACTGCGTGCCGGCGGCCGCGACGGTGGTGGACGGTCCGGCCAGCCGCGCCGTCGTGCTGAGCCTGGTGCCGCCGCACGCGCCGGAGGACGAGATCGCCCGCGCGATGGCTCCGTTCGGTGCGGTGCGCGCCGTGGACGCGTCGGCGGTGGCGTCCGAGGGCGTCGCGACCGTCTACTTCTTCGATCTCCGCTCCGCCGAGCACGCCGTCACGGGGGTCCGCGAGCAGCACATCCGGCAGCAGTGCCGGCTCGGCCAGCTCTACGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCTCGTCCCCGACCTGGCCCCCGCCGGCGTGGGACTGGCCCCACGACGACAACCGCGGGCTCGTCCTCGGCCAGGCCGTCTGGGCCCACTTCGCCGCCGCCTCCACCGTCCCCGACGACGGCGCCAGCCGCGGCTCCCTCGTCGTGCTCAATTCCCTCCCCGCCATGTCCGTGTTCGAACTCCGCGAAATCTTCCAAGCATACGGTGACGTGAAGGACGTGAGGGAGTCGGCGCTGCGGCCGAGCAACAAGTTCGTCGAGTTCTTCGACACGCGCGACGCCGACCGCGCGCTCCACGAGCTCAACGGCAAGGAGCTCTTCGGCCGCCGCCTCGTCGTCGAGTACACGCGCCCTTCCCTCCCCGGCCCACGCAGGCGCGGGCACGTGTCGCACCAGCCCTTGGCCCCGACGCCGCCGAGGCTGCAGGCGGCTTGGCGGCCGGCGCCGGCGCCGTCGCAGTCTGCGCAGCCGTCGTCGTCTGGCTCCGGCAAGGCGAGGGAAGGCGTGGTGCTTCTGCGCAGGAGCTCCGGGAAAGGTAGCTCGGGTAGCCAGTCCAAGGGCGGTGGCAATGCTGGCCACGAGCGGAAGAGCAAGGGCGGCAAGAGCGCCGCGGCGGCGTGTTCGACGGCGGCTTCAGCATCGTCGTCTACCGCAACGGCGCCCAGCAAGCAAAGCCAGAAAGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCCGTGGCGGGAGCTGGAGAGGCCAGAAGAGCGGGTGGGAGGCTCGCTTCCTGTTCAAAGAACCCGAGGCCGCGGCCGCCGCCGCCGGCGACGCTGCCGCCTCCGAGACGCATGAGCCGGCGAGCTGCAAGGACACGAGAACCACCGTGATGATCAGGAACATCCCAAACAAGTACAGCCAGAAGCTGCTGCTCAACATGCTGGACAACCACTGCATCCTCTCCAACCAGCAGATCGAGGCGAGCTGCGAAGACGAAGCCCAGCCATTCTCCTCCTACGATTTCCTCTACCTCCCCATAGATTTCAACAACAAGTGCAACGTGGGCTATGGCTTCGTCAACCTCACCTCGCCGGAGGCTGCCGTGCGGCTGTACAAGGCGTTCCACAAGCAACCGTGGGAGGTGTTCAACTCGCGCAAGATTTGCCAAGTGACATACGCACGCGTGCAAGGCCTGGACGCGCTCAAGGAGCACTTCAAGAACTCCAAGTTCCCGTGCGACAGCGACGAGTACCTGCCCGTGGTGTTCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGGCAAGCTGCTCACGGAGCCGGTGCCGCTGGTCGGCCGCTCGCCGGCACCGTCGTCGGCGTCCGGGGCGTCGTCGCCGCCCAAGAGCTGCGCCGCGAGCGTCGACCCACTCGCGCAGGAGCTCATGACAGCGCCGTCTTCCTCCGGCGACGGCGCCTCCTCCGCCTCCTCGTCCAATGCCCACGCCGACGAGGATGACGTCCATGGCGAAACCGGTGGTGACCGTGGCGACGACGCGGGGCTCGATCTGGAGCTACAGCGCCTAGGCTACACTGACTAGCTGGCGTCTGGCGGCTTTGCTTCGAGAGGTGGT
CDS Sequence
- >LOC_Os01g68000.1
ATGGAGGAAGGAGGTGGGAGTGGCGTGGGTGGGATGCAGGGAGCGGCGTCGAATCTTCTGGACGCCGGAGCTCAGGCGTTCTACCCTGCCGTCGGCGCGCCGTTCCCGTTCCAGCAGCTTCCGCACCAGCTGTACTGCCCGCAGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGTACCAGGTCATGCCGGTGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGGTGGGCTTGCCTGTACCGCCGCTGCCGGCGACGATGGCGCCGCAGCCGGGCTACTGCGTGCCGGCGGCCGCGACGGTGGTGGACGGTCCGGCCAGCCGCGCCGTCGTGCTGAGCCTGGTGCCGCCGCACGCGCCGGAGGACGAGATCGCCCGCGCGATGGCTCCGTTCGGTGCGGTGCGCGCCGTGGACGCGTCGGCGGTGGCGTCCGAGGGCGTCGCGACCGTCTACTTCTTCGATCTCCGCTCCGCCGAGCACGCCGTCACGGGGGTCCGCGAGCAGCACATCCGGCAGCAGTGCCGGCTCGGCCAGCTCTACGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCTCGTCCCCGACCTGGCCCCCGCCGGCGTGGGACTGGCCCCACGACGACAACCGCGGGCTCGTCCTCGGCCAGGCCGTCTGGGCCCACTTCGCCGCCGCCTCCACCGTCCCCGACGACGGCGCCAGCCGCGGCTCCCTCGTCGTGCTCAATTCCCTCCCCGCCATGTCCGTGTTCGAACTCCGCGAAATCTTCCAAGCATACGGTGACGTGAAGGACGTGAGGGAGTCGGCGCTGCGGCCGAGCAACAAGTTCGTCGAGTTCTTCGACACGCGCGACGCCGACCGCGCGCTCCACGAGCTCAACGGCAAGGAGCTCTTCGGCCGCCGCCTCGTCGTCGAGTACACGCGCCCTTCCCTCCCCGGCCCACGCAGGCGCGGGCACGTGTCGCACCAGCCCTTGGCCCCGACGCCGCCGAGGCTGCAGGCGGCTTGGCGGCCGGCGCCGGCGCCGTCGCAGTCTGCGCAGCCGTCGTCGTCTGGCTCCGGCAAGGCGAGGGAAGGCGTGGTGCTTCTGCGCAGGAGCTCCGGGAAAGGTAGCTCGGGTAGCCAGTCCAAGGGCGGTGGCAATGCTGGCCACGAGCGGAAGAGCAAGGGCGGCAAGAGCGCCGCGGCGGCGTGTTCGACGGCGGCTTCAGCATCGTCGTCTACCGCAACGGCGCCCAGCAAGCAAAGCCAGAAAGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCCGTGGCGGGAGCTGGAGAGGCCAGAAGAGCGGGTGGGAGGCTCGCTTCCTGTTCAAAGAACCCGAGGCCGCGGCCGCCGCCGCCGGCGACGCTGCCGCCTCCGAGACGCATGAGCCGGCGAGCTGCAAGGACACGAGAACCACCGTGATGATCAGGAACATCCCAAACAAGTACAGCCAGAAGCTGCTGCTCAACATGCTGGACAACCACTGCATCCTCTCCAACCAGCAGATCGAGGCGAGCTGCGAAGACGAAGCCCAGCCATTCTCCTCCTACGATTTCCTCTACCTCCCCATAGATTTCAACAACAAGTGCAACGTGGGCTATGGCTTCGTCAACCTCACCTCGCCGGAGGCTGCCGTGCGGCTGTACAAGGCGTTCCACAAGCAACCGTGGGAGGTGTTCAACTCGCGCAAGATTTGCCAAGTGACATACGCACGCGTGCAAGGCCTGGACGCGCTCAAGGAGCACTTCAAGAACTCCAAGTTCCCGTGCGACAGCGACGAGTACCTGCCCGTGGTGTTCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGGCAAGCTGCTCACGGAGCCGGTGCCGCTGGTCGGCCGCTCGCCGGCACCGTCGTCGGCGTCCGGGGCGTCGTCGCCGCCCAAGAGCTGCGCCGCGAGCGTCGACCCACTCGCGCAGGAGCTCATGACAGCGCCGTCTTCCTCCGGCGACGGCGCCTCCTCCGCCTCCTCGTCCAATGCCCACGCCGACGAGGATGACGTCCATGGCGAAACCGGTGGTGACCGTGGCGACGACGCGGGGCTCGATCTGGAGCTACAGCGCCTAGGCTACACTGACTAG
Protein Sequence
- >LOC_Os01g68000.1
MEEGGGSGVGGMQGAASNLLDAGAQAFYPAVGAPFPFQQLPHQLYCPQPPPPPYQVMPVPPPPPPVGLPVPPLPATMAPQPGYCVPAAATVVDGPASRAVVLSLVPPHAPEDEIARAMAPFGAVRAVDASAVASEGVATVYFFDLRSAEHAVTGVREQHIRQQCRLGQLYAAAAAAAASSPTWPPPAWDWPHDDNRGLVLGQAVWAHFAAASTVPDDGASRGSLVVLNSLPAMSVFELREIFQAYGDVKDVRESALRPSNKFVEFFDTRDADRALHELNGKELFGRRLVVEYTRPSLPGPRRRGHVSHQPLAPTPPRLQAAWRPAPAPSQSAQPSSSGSGKAREGVVLLRRSSGKGSSGSQSKGGGNAGHERKSKGGKSAAAACSTAASASSSTATAPSKQSQKGGGGGGGRGGSWRGQKSGWEARFLFKEPEAAAAAAGDAAASETHEPASCKDTRTTVMIRNIPNKYSQKLLLNMLDNHCILSNQQIEASCEDEAQPFSSYDFLYLPIDFNNKCNVGYGFVNLTSPEAAVRLYKAFHKQPWEVFNSRKICQVTYARVQGLDALKEHFKNSKFPCDSDEYLPVVFSPPRDGKLLTEPVPLVGRSPAPSSASGASSPPKSCAASVDPLAQELMTAPSSSGDGASSASSSNAHADEDDVHGETGGDRGDDAGLDLELQRLGYTD*