Gene Details:

Functional Descriptions:

  • Our chemical analysis suggested that CYP90D2/D2 might catalyze C-3 dehydrogenation step in BR biosynthesis.
  • The accumulation profile of BR intermediates in the D2 mutants confirmed that these plants are deficient in late BR biosynthesis.
  • The D2 gene encoded a novel cytochrome P450 classified in CYP90D that is highly similar to the reported BR synthesis enzymes.
  • Based on these results, we conclude that D2/CYP90D2 catalyzes the steps from 6-deoxoteasterone to 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone and from teasterone to 3-dehydroteasterone in the late BR biosynthesis pathway.
  • Furthermore, RAVL1 is also required for the expression of the BR biosynthetic genes D2, D11, and BRD1 that are subject to BR negative feedback.
  • Allelic mutations of CYP90D2/D2 confer varying degrees of dwarfism and leaf angle, thus providing useful information for molecular breeding in grain crop plants.
  • In feeding experiments, 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone, 3-dehydroteasterone, and brassinolide effectively caused the lamina joints of the D2 plants to bend, whereas more upstream compounds did not cause bending.
  • However, in vitro biochemical assays using baculovirus/insect cell-produced proteins revealed that both CYP90D2 and CYP90D3 catalyze C-23 hydroxylation of various 22-hydroxylated brassinosteroids, but with markedly different catalytic efficiencies.
  • We showed that the severe dwarf phenotype was caused by a complete deletion of a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP90D2/D2, which was further confirmed in two independent T-DNA insertion lines in different genetic backgrounds and by RNA interference.
  • A comprehensive genetic study reveals a crucial role of CYP90D2/D2 in regulating plant architecture in rice (Oryza sativa).
  • A rice brassinosteroid-deficient mutant, ebisu dwarf (D2), is caused by a loss of function of a new member of cytochrome P450.
  • A rice dwarf mutant, ebisu dwarf (d2), which contains a defective copy of CYP90D2, is known to be a brassinosteroid-deficient mutant, and CYP90D2 has been considered to act as a C-3 dehydrogenase.
  • We characterized a rice dwarf mutant, ebisu dwarf (D2).
  • The dwarf phenotype of D2 was rescued by exogenous brassinolide treatment.
  • We report the biochemical characterization of two brassinosteroid-biosynthetic P450s from rice: CYP90D2 and CYP90D3.
  • These results indicate that CYP90D2 and CYP90D3 can act as brassinosteroid C-23 hydroxylases in rice.
  • Rice CYP90D2 and CYP90D3 catalyze C-23 hydroxylation of brassinosteroids in vitro.
  • SMG11 controls grain size by promoting cell expansion in grain hulls.
  • SMG11 regulates cell expansion, at least in part, by influencing expression of several grain size genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion.
  • The suitable expression of SMG11 increases grain size, grain weight and grain yield.
  • Cloning and sequence analyses of the SMG11 gene reveal that smg11 is a new allele of DWARF2 (D2), which encodes a cytochrome P450 (CYP90D2) involved in brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway.
  • These results suggest that OsD2 is associated with the regulation of LTG and improving grain size.
  • Brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene OsD2 is associated with low-temperature germinability in rice.
  • Thus, OsD2 may be a suitable target for rice breeding programs to improve rice yield and LTG.
  • Brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene OsD2 is associated with low-temperature germinability in rice.

Literature:

Gene Resources:

Sequences:

cDNA Sequence
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.1
    ATGGTGTCGGCGGCCGCCGGTTGGGCGGCGCCGGCGTTTGCGGTCGCCGCCGTGGTTATTTGGGTGGTGCTGTGTAGTGAGCTCCTGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGTGGTGCAGGCAGCGGCAAGGGGGACGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGCGCCTCCCGCCGGGGAGCTTCGGGTGGCCAGTGGTGGGCGAGACGCTGGAGTTCGTGTCGTGCGCCTACTCGCCGCGCCCCGAGGCGTTCGTCGACAAGCGCCGGAAGCTGCACGGGAGCGCGGTGTTCAGGTCGCACCTGTTCGGGTCGGCGACGGTGGTGACGGCGGACGCGGAGGTGAGCCGGTTCGTGCTGCAGAGCGACGCGCGGGCGTTCGTGCCGTGGTACCCGCGGTCGCTGACGGAGCTGATGGGCAAGTCCTCCATCCTCCTCATCAACGGCGCGCTCCAGCGACGCGTCCACGGCCTCGTCGGCGCCTTCTTCAAGTCCTCCCACCTCAAGTCCCAGCTCACCGCCGACATGCGCCGCCGCCTCTCCCCCGCCCTCTCCTCCTTCCCCGACTCCTCCCTCCTCCACGTCCAGCACCTCGCCAAGTCGGTGGTGTTCGAAATCCTGGTGAGGGGCCTGATCGGGCTGGAGGCAGGGGAGGAGATGCAGCAGCTGAAGCAGCAATTCCAGGAATTTATTGTCGGCCTCATGTCCCTCCCCATTAAGCTGCCTGGCACTAGGCTCTACAGATCACTCCAGGCCAAGAAGAAGATGGCGAGGCTGATACAGAGGATCATCCGGGAGAAGAGGGCAAGGAGGGCCGCCGCCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGCCATCGACGTGCTCATCGGAGACGGCAGCGATGAGCTCACCGACGAGCTCATCTCCGACAACATGATCGACCTCATGATCCCCGCCGAGGACTCCGTCCCGGTGCTCATCACGCTCGCCGTCAAGTTCCTCAGCGAGTGCCCTCTCGCCCTGCACCAACTGGAAGAGGAGAACATACAGCTCAAGAGGCGAAAAACCGACATGGGTGAGACCTTGCAATGGACAGACTACATGTCATTGTCATTCACACAACATGTGATAACAGAGACGCTGCGGTTGGGCAACATCATCGGTGGGATCATGCGCAAGGCGGTGCGCGACGTCGAGGTGAAGGGGCACCTCATCCCCAAGGGGTGGTGCGTGTTTGTGTACTTCCGGTCAGTCCACCTCGATGATACGCTCTACGATGAGCCCTACAAGTTCAACCCATGGAGGTGGAAGGAGAAGGACATGAGCAATGGCAGCTTCACTCCTTTTGGTGGTGGGCAGAGGCTGTGCCCAGGCCTGGATCTGGCCAGGCTGGAAGCTTCCATCTTCCTTCACCACTTGGTCACCAGCTTCAGGTGGGTGGCGGAGGAGGACCACATCGTCAACTTCCCCACCGTGCGGCTCAAGCGGGGCATGCCCATCAGGGTCACCGCCAAGGAGGACGACGACTAG
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.2
    ATGGTGTCGGCGGCCGCCGGTTGGGCGGCGCCGGCGTTTGCGGTCGCCGCCGTGGTTATTTGGGTGGTGCTGTGTAGTGAGCTCCTGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGTGGTGCAGGCAGCGGCAAGGGGGACGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGCGCCTCCCGCCGGGGAGCTTCGGGTGGCCAGTGGTGGGCGAGACGCTGGAGTTCGTGTCGTGCGCCTACTCGCCGCGCCCCGAGGCGTTCGTCGACAAGCGCCGGAAGCTGCACGGGAGCGCGGTGTTCAGGTCGCACCTGTTCGGGTCGGCGACGGTGGTGACGGCGGACGCGGAGGTGAGCCGGTTCGTGCTGCAGAGCGACGCGCGGGCGTTCGTGCCGTGGTACCCGCGGTCGCTGACGGAGCTGATGGGCAAGTCCTCCATCCTCCTCATCAACGGCGCGCTCCAGCGACGCGTCCACGGCCTCGTCGGCGCCTTCTTCAAGTCCTCCCACCTCAAGTCCCAGCTCACCGCCGACATGCGCCGCCGCCTCTCCCCCGCCCTCTCCTCCTTCCCCGACTCCTCCCTCCTCCACGTCCAGCACCTCGCCAAGTCGGTGGTGTTCGAAATCCTGGTGAGGGGCCTGATCGGGCTGGAGGCAGGGGAGGAGATGCAGCAGCTGAAGCAGCAATTCCAGGAATTTATTGTCGGCCTCATGTCCCTCCCCATTAAGCTGCCTGGCACTAGGCTCTACAGATCACTCCAGGCCAAGAAGAAGATGGCGAGGCTGATACAGAGGATCATCCGGGAGAAGAGGGCAAGGAGGGCCGCCGCCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGCCATCGACGTGCTCATCGGAGACGGCAGCGATGAGCTCACCGACGAGCTCATCTCCGACAACATGATCGACCTCATGATCCCCGCCGAGGACTCCGTCCCGGTGCTCATCACGCTCGCCGTCAAGTTCCTCAGCGAGTGCCCTCTCGCCCTGCACCAACTGGAAGAGGAGAACATACAGCTCAAGAGGCGAAAAACCGACATGGGTGAGACCTTGCAATGGACAGACTACATGTCATTGTCATTCACACAACATGTGATAACAGAGACGCTGCGGTTGGGCAACATCATCGGTGGGATCATGCGCAAGGCGGTGCGCGACGTCGAGGTGAAGGGGCACCTCATCCCCAAGGGGTGGTGCGTGTTTGTGTACTTCCGGTCAGTCCACCTCGATGATACGCTCTACGATGAGCCCTACAAGTTCAACCCATGGAGGTGGAAGGAGAAGGACATGAGCAATGGCAGCTTCACTCCTTTTGGTGGTGGGCAGAGGCTGTGCCCAGGCCTGGATCTGGCCAGGCTGGAAGCTTCCATCTTCCTTCACCACTTGGTCACCAGCTTCAGGTGGGTGGCGGAGGAGGACCACATCGTCAACTTCCCCACCGTGCGGCTCAAGCGGGGCATGCCCATCAGGGTCACCGCCAAGGAGGACGACGACTAG
CDS Sequence
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.1
    ATGGTGTCGGCGGCCGCCGGTTGGGCGGCGCCGGCGTTTGCGGTCGCCGCCGTGGTTATTTGGGTGGTGCTGTGTAGTGAGCTCCTGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGTGGTGCAGGCAGCGGCAAGGGGGACGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGCGCCTCCCGCCGGGGAGCTTCGGGTGGCCAGTGGTGGGCGAGACGCTGGAGTTCGTGTCGTGCGCCTACTCGCCGCGCCCCGAGGCGTTCGTCGACAAGCGCCGGAAGCTGCACGGGAGCGCGGTGTTCAGGTCGCACCTGTTCGGGTCGGCGACGGTGGTGACGGCGGACGCGGAGGTGAGCCGGTTCGTGCTGCAGAGCGACGCGCGGGCGTTCGTGCCGTGGTACCCGCGGTCGCTGACGGAGCTGATGGGCAAGTCCTCCATCCTCCTCATCAACGGCGCGCTCCAGCGACGCGTCCACGGCCTCGTCGGCGCCTTCTTCAAGTCCTCCCACCTCAAGTCCCAGCTCACCGCCGACATGCGCCGCCGCCTCTCCCCCGCCCTCTCCTCCTTCCCCGACTCCTCCCTCCTCCACGTCCAGCACCTCGCCAAGTCGGTGGTGTTCGAAATCCTGGTGAGGGGCCTGATCGGGCTGGAGGCAGGGGAGGAGATGCAGCAGCTGAAGCAGCAATTCCAGGAATTTATTGTCGGCCTCATGTCCCTCCCCATTAAGCTGCCTGGCACTAGGCTCTACAGATCACTCCAGGCCAAGAAGAAGATGGCGAGGCTGATACAGAGGATCATCCGGGAGAAGAGGGCAAGGAGGGCCGCCGCCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGCCATCGACGTGCTCATCGGAGACGGCAGCGATGAGCTCACCGACGAGCTCATCTCCGACAACATGATCGACCTCATGATCCCCGCCGAGGACTCCGTCCCGGTGCTCATCACGCTCGCCGTCAAGTTCCTCAGCGAGTGCCCTCTCGCCCTGCACCAACTGGAAGAGGAGAACATACAGCTCAAGAGGCGAAAAACCGACATGGGTGAGACCTTGCAATGGACAGACTACATGTCATTGTCATTCACACAACATGTGATAACAGAGACGCTGCGGTTGGGCAACATCATCGGTGGGATCATGCGCAAGGCGGTGCGCGACGTCGAGGTGAAGGGGCACCTCATCCCCAAGGGGTGGTGCGTGTTTGTGTACTTCCGGTCAGTCCACCTCGATGATACGCTCTACGATGAGCCCTACAAGTTCAACCCATGGAGGTGGAAGGAGAAGGACATGAGCAATGGCAGCTTCACTCCTTTTGGTGGTGGGCAGAGGCTGTGCCCAGGCCTGGATCTGGCCAGGCTGGAAGCTTCCATCTTCCTTCACCACTTGGTCACCAGCTTCAGGTGGGTGGCGGAGGAGGACCACATCGTCAACTTCCCCACCGTGCGGCTCAAGCGGGGCATGCCCATCAGGGTCACCGCCAAGGAGGACGACGACTAG
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.2
    ATGGTGTCGGCGGCCGCCGGTTGGGCGGCGCCGGCGTTTGCGGTCGCCGCCGTGGTTATTTGGGTGGTGCTGTGTAGTGAGCTCCTGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGTGGTGCAGGCAGCGGCAAGGGGGACGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGCGCCTCCCGCCGGGGAGCTTCGGGTGGCCAGTGGTGGGCGAGACGCTGGAGTTCGTGTCGTGCGCCTACTCGCCGCGCCCCGAGGCGTTCGTCGACAAGCGCCGGAAGCTGCACGGGAGCGCGGTGTTCAGGTCGCACCTGTTCGGGTCGGCGACGGTGGTGACGGCGGACGCGGAGGTGAGCCGGTTCGTGCTGCAGAGCGACGCGCGGGCGTTCGTGCCGTGGTACCCGCGGTCGCTGACGGAGCTGATGGGCAAGTCCTCCATCCTCCTCATCAACGGCGCGCTCCAGCGACGCGTCCACGGCCTCGTCGGCGCCTTCTTCAAGTCCTCCCACCTCAAGTCCCAGCTCACCGCCGACATGCGCCGCCGCCTCTCCCCCGCCCTCTCCTCCTTCCCCGACTCCTCCCTCCTCCACGTCCAGCACCTCGCCAAGTCGGTGGTGTTCGAAATCCTGGTGAGGGGCCTGATCGGGCTGGAGGCAGGGGAGGAGATGCAGCAGCTGAAGCAGCAATTCCAGGAATTTATTGTCGGCCTCATGTCCCTCCCCATTAAGCTGCCTGGCACTAGGCTCTACAGATCACTCCAGGCCAAGAAGAAGATGGCGAGGCTGATACAGAGGATCATCCGGGAGAAGAGGGCAAGGAGGGCCGCCGCCTCGCCGCCGCGGGACGCCATCGACGTGCTCATCGGAGACGGCAGCGATGAGCTCACCGACGAGCTCATCTCCGACAACATGATCGACCTCATGATCCCCGCCGAGGACTCCGTCCCGGTGCTCATCACGCTCGCCGTCAAGTTCCTCAGCGAGTGCCCTCTCGCCCTGCACCAACTGGAAGAGGAGAACATACAGCTCAAGAGGCGAAAAACCGACATGGGTGAGACCTTGCAATGGACAGACTACATGTCATTGTCATTCACACAACATGTGATAACAGAGACGCTGCGGTTGGGCAACATCATCGGTGGGATCATGCGCAAGGCGGTGCGCGACGTCGAGGTGAAGGGGCACCTCATCCCCAAGGGGTGGTGCGTGTTTGTGTACTTCCGGTCAGTCCACCTCGATGATACGCTCTACGATGAGCCCTACAAGTTCAACCCATGGAGGTGGAAGGAGAAGGACATGAGCAATGGCAGCTTCACTCCTTTTGGTGGTGGGCAGAGGCTGTGCCCAGGCCTGGATCTGGCCAGGCTGGAAGCTTCCATCTTCCTTCACCACTTGGTCACCAGCTTCAGGTGGGTGGCGGAGGAGGACCACATCGTCAACTTCCCCACCGTGCGGCTCAAGCGGGGCATGCCCATCAGGGTCACCGCCAAGGAGGACGACGACTAG
Protein Sequence
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.1
    MVSAAAGWAAPAFAVAAVVIWVVLCSELLRRRRRGAGSGKGDAAAAARLPPGSFGWPVVGETLEFVSCAYSPRPEAFVDKRRKLHGSAVFRSHLFGSATVVTADAEVSRFVLQSDARAFVPWYPRSLTELMGKSSILLINGALQRRVHGLVGAFFKSSHLKSQLTADMRRRLSPALSSFPDSSLLHVQHLAKSVVFEILVRGLIGLEAGEEMQQLKQQFQEFIVGLMSLPIKLPGTRLYRSLQAKKKMARLIQRIIREKRARRAAASPPRDAIDVLIGDGSDELTDELISDNMIDLMIPAEDSVPVLITLAVKFLSECPLALHQLEEENIQLKRRKTDMGETLQWTDYMSLSFTQHVITETLRLGNIIGGIMRKAVRDVEVKGHLIPKGWCVFVYFRSVHLDDTLYDEPYKFNPWRWKEKDMSNGSFTPFGGGQRLCPGLDLARLEASIFLHHLVTSFRWVAEEDHIVNFPTVRLKRGMPIRVTAKEDDD*
  • >LOC_Os01g10040.2
    MVSAAAGWAAPAFAVAAVVIWVVLCSELLRRRRRGAGSGKGDAAAAARLPPGSFGWPVVGETLEFVSCAYSPRPEAFVDKRRKLHGSAVFRSHLFGSATVVTADAEVSRFVLQSDARAFVPWYPRSLTELMGKSSILLINGALQRRVHGLVGAFFKSSHLKSQLTADMRRRLSPALSSFPDSSLLHVQHLAKSVVFEILVRGLIGLEAGEEMQQLKQQFQEFIVGLMSLPIKLPGTRLYRSLQAKKKMARLIQRIIREKRARRAAASPPRDAIDVLIGDGSDELTDELISDNMIDLMIPAEDSVPVLITLAVKFLSECPLALHQLEEENIQLKRRKTDMGETLQWTDYMSLSFTQHVITETLRLGNIIGGIMRKAVRDVEVKGHLIPKGWCVFVYFRSVHLDDTLYDEPYKFNPWRWKEKDMSNGSFTPFGGGQRLCPGLDLARLEASIFLHHLVTSFRWVAEEDHIVNFPTVRLKRGMPIRVTAKEDDD*