Gene Details:
- Gene ID: AT5G13960
- Gene Symbol: KYP, SDG33, SUVH4
- Gene Name: KRYPTONITE, SET DOMAIN PROTEIN 33, SU(VAR)3-9 homolog 4
- Description: histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-9 specific SUVH4-like protein;(source:Araport11)
- TAIR Accession: locus:2159133
- Genome: Araport11_genome_release
- Species: Arabidopsis thaliana
Transcripts:
Plant Ontology Annotations:
- PO:0009005 — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
- PO:0000084 — plant sperm cell — célula espermática o esperma (Spanish, exact), male gamete (exact), microgamete (exact), 植物精子細胞 (Japanese, exact), sperm nucleus (related), sperm cell (broad)
Gene Ontology:
- GO:0044027 — acts upstream of or within — negative regulation of gene expression via CpG island methylation
- GO:0018022 — acts upstream of or within — peptidyl-lysine methylation
- GO:0003690 — enables — double-stranded DNA binding
- GO:0010428 — enables — methyl-CpNpG binding
- GO:0034968 — involved in — histone lysine methylation
- GO:0046974 — enables — histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity
- GO:0005515 — enables — protein binding
- GO:0008270 — enables — zinc ion binding
- GO:0010429 — enables — methyl-CpNpN binding
- GO:0016571 — involved in — histone methylation
- GO:0042054 — enables — histone methyltransferase activity
- GO:0008327 — enables — methyl-CpG binding
- GO:0010385 — enables — double-stranded methylated DNA binding
- GO:0005634 — located in — nucleus
Germplasm Phenotype:
- CS16385 — No visible phenotype.
- CS16388 — Reduced plant size; curled leaves.
- CS6367 — The kyp-2 mutant has defects in callus formation under laboratory conditions. Many fewer seeds form calluses compared to wild type seeds, and the calluses that do form are delayed and smaller in size. kyp-2 mutants are defective in the process known as alternative lengthening of telomeres, a telomerase-independent process. These mutants also show a loss of association between K9-dimethylated H3 histones and telomeric and centromeric DNA via ChIP assays.
- CS6367 — Wild type morphology; lacks the cytosine methylation at sites of CpNpG trinucleotides (where N is A, C, G or T); low level of expression of two retrotransposon-related sequences (Athila and Ta3 sequences); suppresses the clark kent allele clk-3; lacks trichomes on stems and leaves.
- SALK_105816C — Seedlings screened in bulk via high throughput methods for responses to various stressors. Results are in comparison to Col-0.heat:no change,cold:increased,oxidative stress:no change,osmotic stress:decreased,salt stress:no change,ABA:no change,hypoxia:no change.
- kyp-1 — Loss of cytosine methylation, reactivation of endogenous transposons
- kyp-3 — Phenotype not described.
- kyp-5 — Decreasein amounts of H3K9me2 in chromocenters
- suvh4E341K — No visible phenotype.
- suvh4R260H — No visible phenotype.
- suvh4R302* — No visible phenotype.
- suvh4S200F — No visible phenotype.
- suvh4W563* — No visible phenotype.
Function-related keywords:
Literature:
- Control of CpNpG DNA methylation by the KRYPTONITE histone H3 methyltransferase. DOI: 10.1038/nature731 ; PMID: 11898023
- The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains at least 29 active genes encoding SET domain proteins that can be assigned to four evolutionarily conserved classes. DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.21.4319 ; PMID: 11691919
- Comparative analysis of SET domain proteins in maize and Arabidopsis reveals multiple duplications preceding the divergence of monocots and dicots. DOI: 10.1104/pp.102.013722 ; PMID: 12805620
- Distinct mechanisms determine transposon inheritance and methylation via small interfering RNA and histone modification. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0000067 ; PMID: 14691539
- Dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 is a critical mark for DNA methylation and gene silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1007/s00412-004-0275-7 ; PMID: 15014946
- Pivotal role of AtSUVH2 in heterochromatic histone methylation and gene silencing in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600604 ; PMID: 15775980
- H3 lysine 9 methylation is maintained on a transcribed inverted repeat by combined action of SUVH6 and SUVH4 methyltransferases. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.25.23.10507-10515.2005 ; PMID: 16287862
- Chromatin and siRNA pathways cooperate to maintain DNA methylation of small transposable elements in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2005-6-11-r90 ; PMID: 16277745
- Heterochromatin proteins and the control of heterochromatic gene silencing in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2005.10.015 ; PMID: 16384625
- Locus-specific control of DNA methylation by the Arabidopsis SUVH5 histone methyltransferase. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.106.041400 ; PMID: 16582009
- Intron-regulated expression of SUVH3, an Arabidopsis Su(var)3-9 homologue. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erl093 ; PMID: 16928780
- The SRA methyl-cytosine-binding domain links DNA and histone methylation. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2007.01.009 ; PMID: 17239600
- Histone methylation controls telomerase-independent telomere lengthening in cells undergoing dedifferentiation. DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.03.023 ; PMID: 17448460
- Autocatalytic differentiation of epigenetic modifications within the Arabidopsis genome. DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2010.227 ; PMID: 20834229
- DNA methylation and histone modifications regulate de novo shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis by modulating WUSCHEL expression and auxin signaling. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002243 ; PMID: 21876682
- Pairing of lacO tandem repeats in Arabidopsis thaliana nuclei requires the presence of hypermethylated, large arrays at two chromosomal positions, but does not depend on H3-lysine-9-dimethylation. DOI: 10.1007/s00412-011-0335-8 ; PMID: 21830056
- A novel role for histone methyltransferase KYP/SUVH4 in the control of Arabidopsis primary seed dormancy. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03969.x ; PMID: 22122546
- RNAi-independent de novo DNA methylation revealed in Arabidopsis mutants of chromatin remodeling gene DDM1. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04911.x ; PMID: 22269081
- The Armadillo repeat gene ZAK IXIK promotes Arabidopsis early embryo and endosperm development through a distinctive gametophytic maternal effect. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.102384 ; PMID: 23064319
- Comprehensive analysis of silencing mutants reveals complex regulation of the Arabidopsis methylome. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.054 ; PMID: 23313553
- SHOOT GROWTH1 maintains Arabidopsis epigenomes by regulating IBM1. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084687 ; PMID: 24404182
- Role of NPR1 and KYP in long-lasting induced resistance by β-aminobutyric acid. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00184 ; PMID: 24847342
- The histone variant H2A.W defines heterochromatin and promotes chromatin condensation in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.006 ; PMID: 24995981
- Seed dormancy cycling in Arabidopsis: chromatin remodelling and regulation of DOG1 in response to seasonal environmental signals. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12735 ; PMID: 25439058
- Attenuation of Histone Methyltransferase KRYPTONITE-mediated transcriptional gene silencing by Geminivirus. DOI: 10.1038/srep16476 ; PMID: 26602265
- A JUMONJI Protein with E3 Ligase and Histone H3 Binding Activities Affects Transposon Silencing in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01688 ; PMID: 26979329
- Plant DNA Methyltransferase Genes: Multiplicity, Expression, Methylation Patterns. DOI: 10.1134/S0006297916020085 ; PMID: 27260394
- Demethylation of ERECTA receptor genes by IBM1 histone demethylase affects stomatal development. DOI: 10.1242/dev.129932 ; PMID: 27697902
- An Arabidopsis Natural Epiallele Maintained by a Feed-Forward Silencing Loop between Histone and DNA. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006551 ; PMID: 28060933
- HISTONE DEACETYLASE6 Acts in Concert with Histone Methyltransferases SUVH4, SUVH5, and SUVH6 to Regulate Transposon Silencing. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00570 ; PMID: 28778955
- Epigenetic activation of meiotic recombination near Arabidopsis thaliana centromeres via loss of H3K9me2 and non-CG DNA methylation. DOI: 10.1101/gr.227116.117 ; PMID: 29530927
- Arabidopsis mutants may represent recombinant introgression lines. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3326-5 ; PMID: 29615117
- CMT3 and SUVH4/KYP silence the exonic Evelknievel retroelement to allow for reconstitution of CMT1 mRNA. DOI: 10.1186/s13072-018-0240-y ; PMID: 30446008
- CRISPR-based tools for targeted transcriptional and epigenetic regulation in plants. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222778 ; PMID: 31557222
- The Histone Demethylase IBM1 Positively Regulates Arabidopsis Immunity by Control of Defense Gene Expression. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01587 ; PMID: 31956325
- Interacting Genomic Landscapes of REC8-Cohesin, Chromatin, and Meiotic Recombination in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00866 ; PMID: 32024691
- DREAM complex suppresses DNA methylation maintenance genes and precludes DNA hypermethylation. DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0710-7 ; PMID: 32661276
- Histone demethylase IBM1-mediated meiocyte gene expression ensures meiotic chromosome synapsis and recombination. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010041 ; PMID: 35192603
- Arabidopsis histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferases KYP/SUVH5/6 are involved in leaf development by interacting with AS1-AS2 to repress KNAT1 and KNAT2. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04607-6 ; PMID: 36828846
- LHP1, the Arabidopsis homologue of HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1, is required for epigenetic silencing of FLC. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0507427103 ; PMID: 16549797
Sequences:
cDNA Sequence
- >AT5G13960.2
GAAAAGTTGAAATCGCCGGGAAAGAAAGAGGACAAACATTTATTTCGTGTCTACTTTCCTCCTTGAAATAAAAAAAGAATTAATTATACCAAAAAAAAGAGGAGAAAAAAAAAACTCTCATCTTCGTCGTCTTCACAGTTTCAATCTCGCGCTGCTTAGTCTCCTTCCGTCTCTTCTTCTCCGCTAGCTTTTCCAGGGGAAAAAGAGTGATCGATGGCTGGAAAAAGGAAACGAGCTAATGCTCCTGACCAAACAGAGCGAAGATCGAGTGTTCGGGTTCAGAAAGTGAGACAGAAAGCGTTAGATGAGAAGGCGCGTTTAGTACAGGAGAGGGTTAAGCTCCTCAGTGACAGAAAGAGTGAAATTTGTGTCGATGACACTGAGTTACATGAGAAAGAAGAGGAAAATGTCGATGGGAGCCCTAAACGAAGAAGCCCTCCAAAGCTAACCGCAATGCAGAAAGGAAAGCAGAAATTGAGTGTTTCTCTGAATGGTAAGGACGTGAACTTGGAACCTCATCTCAAAGTGACAAAGTGTCTGAGGTTATTTAACAAGCAATATCTCCTCTGTGTCCAGGCTAAGTTGAGCAGGCCTGATTTGAAGGGTGTAACTGAGGCAAGTCATGATTTTTCTTACCTCTGGCCTTAGTTGCCTCATGCAACATTGTTTTGTCTATCAAGAAATGGAAGATGTCACAATGTTTTGTTAAGCAACATGTATCATTATACTTTGTGTTCTTGTAAATATGATGGTTTGTCTATTCTGTAATCTTCAATGCAAGTTGACTTAAGCCTTTAAGAAAATTTCCAGATGATAAAAGCTAAGGCGATATTGTACCCAAGAAAAATAATCGGTGACCTTCCAGGTATAGACGTTGGACACCGTTTTTTTTCAAGAGCTGAAATGTGTGCTGTAGGATTCCATAACCATTGGCTAAATGGCATTGATTATATGTCAATGGAATACGAAAAAGAGTATAGTAACTACAAATTACCGCTTGCTGTTTCTATTGTTATGTCGGGCCAGTACGAGGATGATCTAGACAATGCAGATACAGTGACTTACACTGGACAGGGAGGGCATAACTTAACTGGTAATAAACGTCAGATAAAGGATCAACTTTTAGAACGAGGGAATTTGGCGCTAAAGCACTGCTGCGAATATAATGTGCCTGTCAGAGTAACTCGTGGTCACAATTGCAAAAGTAGCTATACCAAACGAGTATACACTTATGATGGACTGTACAAGGTTGAAAAGTTCTGGGCACAAAAGGGCGTTTCAGGATTTACAGTGTATAAGTACCGACTGAAACGATTGGAGGGGCAACCAGAACTAACTACTGATCAGGTCAACTTTGTTGCTGGACGCATACCAACGAGTACTTCAGAAATTGAGGGTTTGGTATGTGAGGACATCTCCGGAGGGCTAGAATTTAAGGGTATCCCCGCCACTAATCGTGTTGATGATTCACCAGTTTCACCAACATCTGGTTTCACATACATCAAATCTTTGATTATTGAGCCTAATGTCATAATTCCAAAGAGTTCAACTGGGTGTAACTGCCGAGGCAGCTGCACTGACTCAAAGAAATGTGCATGTGCTAAGCTTAATGGGGGTAACTTTCCATATGTTGACCTTAATGATGGCAGATTAATTGAGTCTCGAGATGTTGTATTTGAATGTGGTCCTCACTGTGGGTGTGGGCCAAAATGTGTCAACCGAACTTCTCAGAAGCGTCTAAGATTCAATCTTGAGGTTTTCCGCTCTGCAAAGAAGGGTTGGGCAGTTAGATCATGGGAGTACATACCAGCTGGTTCACCAGTATGTGAGTACATAGGAGTTGTCAGGAGAACTGCTGATGTGGATACTATCTCTGACAATGAATACATATTTGAGATTGACTGCCAACAGACAATGCAAGGTCTTGGTGGAAGACAGAGAAGACTAAGAGATGTTGCTGTACCAATGAATAATGGAGTCAGTCAGAGCAGTGAAGATGAGAATGCGCCAGAGTTCTGCATTGATGCTGGTTCAACAGGAAACTTTGCTAGGTTTATAAATCACAGTTGTGAACCAAACCTATTTGTTCAGTGCGTCCTGAGTTCTCACCAGGATATAAGGCTTGCCCGTGTGGTTCTTTTCGCAGCTGACAACATTTCCCCAATGCAGGAGCTCACTTACGACTATGGATATGCGCTTGATAGCGTTCATGGACCGGATGGGAAGGTGAAGCAGCTCGCTTGCTACTGTGGAGCGCTAAATTGTAGGAAACGCCTTTACTAACAAAGGCTATTGGTGAACTTATTTTTTGGTCACTCTATTTTGGGGAGTACATAGATAGCAACTATCTCCCAAGTGGAAGAACCCTTCACATTTTATTTAAGGGACTTTAGCTTCTTCTGCAGCGTACGTGCTGCCTTTTTCGGCATTGTTGTTTCCTGAATTCTATTGTTGCCATTGGCATCTTATCTATCGGGTCAACAATATTAATCATCTCTTTTTCTTATTTGC - >AT5G13960.1
GAAAAGTTGAAATCGCCGGGAAAGAAAGAGGACAAACATTTATTTCGTGTCTACTTTCCTCCTTGAAATAAAAAAAGAATTAATTATACCAAAAAAAAGAGGAGAAAAAAAAAACTCTCATCTTCGTCGTCTTCACAGTTTCAATCTCGCGCTGCTTAGTCTCCTTCCGTCTCTTCTTCTCCGCTAGCTTTTCCAGGGGAAAAAGAGTGATCGATGGCTGGAAAAAGGAAACGAGCTAATGCTCCTGACCAAACAGAGCGAAGATCGAGTGTTCGGGTTCAGAAAGTGAGACAGAAAGCGTTAGATGAGAAGGCGCGTTTAGTACAGGAGAGGGTTAAGCTCCTCAGTGACAGAAAGAGTGAAATTTGTGTCGATGACACTGAGTTACATGAGAAAGAAGAGGAAAATGTCGATGGGAGCCCTAAACGAAGAAGCCCTCCAAAGCTAACCGCAATGCAGAAAGGAAAGCAGAAATTGAGTGTTTCTCTGAATGGTAAGGACGTGAACTTGGAACCTCATCTCAAAGTGACAAAGTGTCTGAGGTTATTTAACAAGCAATATCTCCTCTGTGTCCAGGCTAAGTTGAGCAGGCCTGATTTGAAGGGTGTAACTGAGGCAAGTCATGATTTTTCTTACCTCTGGCCTTAGTTGCCTCATGCAACATTGTTTTGTCTATCAAGAAATGGAAGATGTCACAATGTTTTGTTAAGCAACATGTATCATTATACTTTGTGTTCTTGTAAATATGATGGTTTGTCTATTCTGTAATCTTCAATGCAAGTTGACTTAAGCCTTTAAGAAAATTTCCAGATGATAAAAGCTAAGGCGATATTGTACCCAAGAAAAATAATCGGTGACCTTCCAGGTATAGACGTTGGACACCGTTTTTTTTCAAGAGCTGAAATGTGTGCTGTAGGATTCCATAACCATTGGCTAAATGGCATTGATTATATGTCAATGGAATACGAAAAAGAGTATAGTAACTACAAATTACCGCTTGCTGTTTCTATTGTTATGTCGGGCCAGTACGAGGATGATCTAGACAATGCAGATACAGTGACTTACACTGGACAGGGAGGGCATAACTTAACTGGTAATAAACGTCAGATAAAGGATCAACTTTTAGAACGAGGGAATTTGGCGCTAAAGCACTGCTGCGAATATAATGTGCCTGTCAGAGTAACTCGTGGTCACAATTGCAAAAGTAGCTATACCAAACGAGTATACACTTATGATGGACTGTACAAGGTTGAAAAGTTCTGGGCACAAAAGGGCGTTTCAGGATTTACAGTGTATAAGTACCGACTGAAACGATTGGAGGGGCAACCAGAACTAACTACTGATCAGGTCAACTTTGTTGCTGGACGCATACCAACGAGTACTTCAGAAATTGAGGGTTTGGTATGTGAGGACATCTCCGGAGGGCTAGAATTTAAGGGTATCCCCGCCACTAATCGTGTTGATGATTCACCAGTTTCACCAACATCTGGTTTCACATACATCAAATCTTTGATTATTGAGCCTAATGTCATAATTCCAAAGAGTTCAACTGGGTGTAACTGCCGAGGCAGCTGCACTGACTCAAAGAAATGTGCATGTGCTAAGCTTAATGGGGGTAACTTTCCATATGTTGACCTTAATGATGGCAGATTAATTGAGTCTCGAGATGTTGTATTTGAATGTGGTCCTCACTGTGGGTGTGGGCCAAAATGTGTCAACCGAACTTCTCAGAAGCGTCTAAGATTCAATCTTGAGGTTTTCCGCTCTGCAAAGAAGGGTTGGGCAGTTAGATCATGGGAGTACATACCAGCTGGTTCACCAGTATGTGAGTACATAGGAGTTGTCAGGAGAACTGCTGATGTGGATACTATCTCTGACAATGAATACATATTTGAGATTGACTGCCAACAGACAATGCAAGGTCTTGGTGGAAGACAGAGAAGACTAAGAGATGTTGCTGTACCAATGAATAATGGAGTCAGTCAGAGCAGTGAAGATGAGAATGCGCCAGAGTTCTGCATTGATGCTGGTTCAACAGGAAACTTTGCTAGGTTTATAAATCACAGTTGTGAACCAAACCTATTTGTTCAGTGCGTCCTGAGTTCTCACCAGGATATAAGGCTTGCCCGTGTGGTTCTTTTCGCAGCTGACAACATTTCCCCAATGCAGGAGCTCACTTACGACTATGGATATGCGCTTGATAGCGTTCATGGACCGGATGGGAAGGTGAAGCAGCTCGCTTGCTACTGTGGAGCGCTAAATTGTAGGAAACGCCTTTACTAACAAAGGCTATTGGTGAACTTATTTTTTGGTCACTCTATTTTGGGGAGTACATAGATAGCAACTATCTCCCAAGTGGAAGAACCCTTCACATTTTATTTAAGGGACTTTAGCTTCTTCTGCAGCGTACGTGCTGCCTTTTTCGGCATTGTTGTTTCCTGAATTCTATTGTTGCCATTGGCATCTTATCTATCGGGTCAACAATATTAATCATCTCTTTTTCTTATTTGC
CDS Sequence
Protein Sequence