Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT3G21240
• Gene Symbol: 4CL2, AT4CL2
• Gene Name: 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 2
• Description: 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 2;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession:
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT3G21240.1     AT3G21240.2     AT3G21240.3

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0000037  — shoot axis apex — ápice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0008019  — leaf lamina base — base de la lámina de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉身基部 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009005  — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009025  — vascular leaf — foliage leaf (exact), hoja vascular (Spanish, exact), leaf, vascular (exact), vascular leaves (exact, plural), 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact), crozier (related), macrophyll (related), megaphyll (related), ascidia (narrow), ascidium (narrow), fiddlehead (narrow), frond (narrow), needle-like leaf (narrow), pitcher (narrow), pitcher blade (narrow), pitcher-blade (narrow), scale-like leaf (narrow), sterile frond (narrow), trophophyll (narrow)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009031  — sepal — sépalo (Spanish, exact), がく片 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009046  — flower — flor (Spanish, exact), 花 (Japanese, exact), floret (related), Asteraceae floret (narrow), basal flower (narrow), double flower (narrow), hermaphrodite flower (narrow), monoclinous flower (narrow), perfect flower (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)

Function-related keywords:

• shoot axis apex ,  leaf lamina base ,  root ,  shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  vascular leaf ,  stamen ,  sepal ,  flower ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen ,  shoot system

Literature:

• Three 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligases in Arabidopsis thaliana represent two evolutionarily divergent classes in angiosperms.   DOI:  10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00491.x ;  PMID:  10417722
• Identification of 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL) substrate recognition domains.   DOI:  10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.01122.x ;  PMID:  11576429
• Identification of the substrate specificity-conferring amino acid residues of 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase allows the rational design of mutant enzymes with new catalytic properties.   DOI:  10.1074/jbc.M100355200 ;  PMID:  11323416
• The substrate specificity-determining amino acid code of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1430550100 ;  PMID:  12819348
• The 4-coumarate:CoA ligase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana comprises one rare, sinapate-activating and three commonly occurring isoenzymes.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.0307307101 ;  PMID:  14769935
• Heterologous expression of the plant coumarate: CoA ligase in Lactococcus lactis.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01621.x ;  PMID:  15613001
• Characterization in vitro and in vivo of the putative multigene 4-coumarate:CoA ligase network in Arabidopsis: syringyl lignin and sinapate/sinapyl alcohol derivative formation.   DOI:  10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.06.022 ;  PMID:  16099486
• Multiple cis-regulatory elements regulate distinct and complex patterns of developmental and wound-induced expression of Arabidopsis thaliana 4CL gene family members.   DOI:  10.1007/s00425-006-0296-y ;  PMID:  16738863
• Transcriptomic analysis of Arabidopsis developing stems: a close-up on cell wall genes.   DOI:  10.1186/1471-2229-9-6 ;  PMID:  19149885
• Thaxtomin A affects CESA-complex density, expression of cell wall genes, cell wall composition, and causes ectopic lignification in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/ern344 ;  PMID:  19269997
• Genetic analysis and epigenetic silencing of At4CL1 and At4CL2 expression in transgenic Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1002/biot.200600140 ;  PMID:  17004303
• Root secretion of phytochemicals in Arabidopsis is predominantly not influenced by diurnal rhythms.   DOI:  10.1093/mp/ssq004 ;  PMID:  20154222
• Functional compensation of primary and secondary metabolites by duplicate genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/molbev/msq204 ;  PMID:  20736450
• Controlled silencing of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase alters lignocellulose composition without affecting stem growth.   DOI:  10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.10.004 ;  PMID:  21094613
• A systems biology view of responses to lignin biosynthesis perturbations in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.112.102574 ;  PMID:  23012438
• De novo production of the flavonoid naringenin in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae.   DOI:  10.1186/1475-2859-11-155 ;  PMID:  23216753
• Root exudation of phytochemicals in Arabidopsis follows specific patterns that are developmentally programmed and correlate with soil microbial functions.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0055731 ;  PMID:  23383346
• Both cyclic-AMP and cyclic-GMP can act as regulators of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.   DOI:  10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.029 ;  PMID:  23774376
• Four Isoforms of Arabidopsis 4-Coumarate:CoA Ligase Have Overlapping yet Distinct Roles in Phenylpropanoid Metabolism.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.15.00838 ;  PMID:  26491147
• Lignin biosynthesis genes play critical roles in the adaptation of Arabidopsis plants to high-salt stress.   DOI:  10.1080/15592324.2019.1625697 ;  PMID:  31156026
• Transcript and metabolite network perturbations in lignin biosynthetic mutants of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/plphys/kiac344 ;  PMID:  35880844

Sequences: