Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT2G39930
• Gene Symbol: ATISA1, ISA1
• Gene Name: ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA ISOAMYLASE 1, isoamylase 1
• Description: isoamylase 1;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession:
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT2G39930.1     AT2G39930.3     AT2G39930.2

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0000037  — shoot axis apex — ápice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0008019  — leaf lamina base — base de la lámina de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉身基部 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009005  — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009025  — vascular leaf — foliage leaf (exact), hoja vascular (Spanish, exact), leaf, vascular (exact), vascular leaves (exact, plural), 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact), crozier (related), macrophyll (related), megaphyll (related), ascidia (narrow), ascidium (narrow), fiddlehead (narrow), frond (narrow), needle-like leaf (narrow), pitcher (narrow), pitcher blade (narrow), pitcher-blade (narrow), scale-like leaf (narrow), sterile frond (narrow), trophophyll (narrow)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009031  — sepal — sépalo (Spanish, exact), がく片 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009046  — flower — flor (Spanish, exact), 花 (Japanese, exact), floret (related), Asteraceae floret (narrow), basal flower (narrow), double flower (narrow), hermaphrodite flower (narrow), monoclinous flower (narrow), perfect flower (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020030  — cotyledon — cotiledón (Spanish, exact), seed leaf (exact), 子葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020038  — petiole — pecíolo (Spanish, exact), 葉柄 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)

Germplasm Phenotype:

• N542704  — Accumulates reduced amounts of starch relative to wildtype but large amounts of soluble glucan.
• N542704  — Modification of amylopectine structure. Strong increase of number of small chain (degree of polymerisation between 5 and 9) and decrease in number of longer chains (11-17 degree of polymerisation).
• N542704  — Mutants are defecting in amylopectin biosynthesis. Reduced amounts of starch and abnormal amylopectin, phytoglycogens are produced.
• N542704  — No significant alteration of amylase-to-amylopectine ratio.
• N542704  — Reduced starch in leaves
• N542704  — Strong increase in water soluble polysaccharides (WSPs) content.
• atisa1-1 atisa2-1  — Accumulates reduced amounts of starch relative to wildtype but large amounts of soluble glucan.
• atisa1-1 atisa2-1  — No reduction in maltose and matotriose production.

Function-related keywords:

• shoot axis apex ,  leaf lamina base ,  root ,  shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  vascular leaf ,  stamen ,  sepal ,  flower ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  cotyledon ,  petiole ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen

Literature:

• Inactivation of the chloroplast ATP synthase gamma subunit results in high non-photochemical fluorescence quenching and altered nuclear gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1074/jbc.M308435200 ;  PMID:  14576160
• Diurnal changes in the transcriptome encoding enzymes of starch metabolism provide evidence for both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of starch metabolism in Arabidopsis leaves.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.104.044347 ;  PMID:  15347792
• Arabidopsis mutants Atisa1 and Atisa2 have identical phenotypes and lack the same multimeric isoamylase, which influences the branch point distribution of amylopectin during starch synthesis.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02348.x ;  PMID:  15743447
• Mutants of Arabidopsis lacking a chloroplastic isoamylase accumulate phytoglycogen and an abnormal form of amylopectin.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.105.059295 ;  PMID:  15849301
• Leaf starch degradation comes out of the shadows.   DOI:  10.1016/j.tplants.2005.01.001 ;  PMID:  15749471
• Starch degradation.   DOI:  10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144257 ;  PMID:  15862090
• Contribution of gibberellins to the formation of Arabidopsis seed coat through starch degradation.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pci141 ;  PMID:  15927942
• Global analysis of Arabidopsis gene expression uncovers a complex array of changes impacting pathogen response and cell cycle during geminivirus infection.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.121038 ;  PMID:  18650403
• Further evidence for the mandatory nature of polysaccharide debranching for the aggregation of semicrystalline starch and for overlapping functions of debranching enzymes in Arabidopsis leaves.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.129379 ;  PMID:  18815382
• Arabidopsis At5g39790 encodes a chloroplast-localized, carbohydrate-binding, coiled-coil domain-containing putative scaffold protein.   DOI:  10.1186/1471-2229-8-120 ;  PMID:  19038037
• Starch granule biosynthesis in Arabidopsis is abolished by removal of all debranching enzymes but restored by the subsequent removal of an endoamylase.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.108.063487 ;  PMID:  19074683
• Comprehensive survey of redox sensitive starch metabolising enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.06.017 ;  PMID:  22789914
• The simultaneous abolition of three starch hydrolases blocks transient starch breakdown in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1074/jbc.M112.395244 ;  PMID:  23019330
• Starch metabolism in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1199/tab.0160 ;  PMID:  23393426
• Distinct functional properties of isoamylase-type starch debranching enzymes in monocot and dicot leaves.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.113.225565 ;  PMID:  24027240
• Function of isoamylase-type starch debranching enzymes ISA1 and ISA2 in the Zea mays leaf.   DOI:  10.1111/nph.12446 ;  PMID:  23952574
• The heteromultimeric debranching enzyme involved in starch synthesis in Arabidopsis requires both isoamylase1 and isoamylase2 subunits for complex stability and activity.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0075223 ;  PMID:  24098685
• Sequence variation, differential expression, and divergent evolution in starch-related genes among accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1007/s11103-015-0293-2 ;  PMID:  25663508
• Diurnal changes in the transcriptome encoding enzymes of starch metabolism provide evidence for both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of starch metabolism in Arabidopsis leaves.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.104.044347 ;  PMID:  15347792
• Mutants of Arabidopsis lacking a chloroplastic isoamylase accumulate phytoglycogen and an abnormal form of amylopectin.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.105.059295 ;  PMID:  15849301
• Starch degradation.   DOI:  10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144257 ;  PMID:  15862090
• Genome wide co-expression among the starch debranching enzyme genes AtISA1, AtISA2, and AtISA3 in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/erm180 ;  PMID:  17890231
• Sorting signals, N-terminal modifications and abundance of the chloroplast proteome.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0001994 ;  PMID:  18431481

Sequences: