Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT2G32410
• Gene Symbol: AXL, AXL1
• Gene Name: AXR1-like, AXR1- like 1
• Description: AXR1-like protein;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession: locus:2062571
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT2G32410.1     AT2G32410.2     AT2G32410.3

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0000037  — shoot axis apex — ápice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0008019  — leaf lamina base — base de la lámina de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉身基部 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009005  — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009025  — vascular leaf — foliage leaf (exact), hoja vascular (Spanish, exact), leaf, vascular (exact), vascular leaves (exact, plural), 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact), crozier (related), macrophyll (related), megaphyll (related), ascidia (narrow), ascidium (narrow), fiddlehead (narrow), frond (narrow), needle-like leaf (narrow), pitcher (narrow), pitcher blade (narrow), pitcher-blade (narrow), scale-like leaf (narrow), sterile frond (narrow), trophophyll (narrow)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009031  — sepal — sépalo (Spanish, exact), がく片 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009046  — flower — flor (Spanish, exact), 花 (Japanese, exact), floret (related), Asteraceae floret (narrow), basal flower (narrow), double flower (narrow), hermaphrodite flower (narrow), monoclinous flower (narrow), perfect flower (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020030  — cotyledon — cotiledón (Spanish, exact), seed leaf (exact), 子葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000084  — plant sperm cell — célula espermática o esperma (Spanish, exact), male gamete (exact), microgamete (exact), 植物精子細胞 (Japanese, exact), sperm nucleus (related), sperm cell (broad)

Gene Ontology:

• GO:0005737  — is active in — cytoplasm
• GO:0005515  — enables — protein binding
• GO:0019781  — enables — NEDD8 activating enzyme activity
• GO:0005777  — located in — peroxisome
• GO:0005886  — located in — plasma membrane
• GO:0008641  — enables — ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme activity
• GO:0009791  — acts upstream of or within — post-embryonic development

Germplasm Phenotype:

• AXL/axl-1 axr1-12  — Homozygous axr1-12 plants that are heterozygous for axl-1 display severe growth defects. These seedlings developed short, slow growing roots compared with wild-type roots, and were arrested at the late seedling stage.
• AXL/axl-1 axr1-12  — Plants with the genotype AXL/axl-1 axr1-12/axr1-12 had a slight but consistent reduction in RUB-CUL1 levels.
• AXL/axl-1 axr1-12  — The axr1-12/axr1-12 AXL/axl-1 line are nearly completely resistant to auxin, a much more severe phenotype than for axr1-12 alone.
• AXL/axl-1 axr1-12  — The columella of AXL/axl-1 axr1-12/axr1-12 root tips is highly disorganized during early seedling root growth, and is completely disrupted at the time when root growth ceases.
• CS69655  — No visible phenotype.
• axl-1  — Increased chiasma frequency for certain chromosomes.
• axl-1  — Mutant has a normal level of RUB-CUL1 that is in keeping with the lack of any growth defect in these plants.
• axl-1  — No defect in meristem organization.
• axl-1  — No embryo defects were found.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — Double homozygous mutant seedlings are completely deficient in RUB-modified CUL1.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — Double homozygous progeny has severe growth and developmental defects. The phenotype of these plants resembled the bdl/iaa12 and mp/arf5 mutants. These seedlings did not segregate at the expected 1/16 ratio. Instead, we identified three double mutant seedlings in 176 F2 plants, suggesting the homozygous double mutants are arrested during embryogenesis.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — In the double mutant progeny, great reduction in vascular development.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — The AXR1/axr1-12, axl-1/axl-1 plants were similar to wild type with respect to overall morphology and fertility.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — The double homozygous progeny is seedling lethal.
• axl-1 AXR1/axr1-12  — Very strong embryo defects were observed in homozygous axl-1 plants segregating the axr1-12 mutation.
• axl-2  — Changes in chiasma frequency for certain chromosomes.

Function-related keywords:

• shoot axis apex ,  leaf lamina base ,  root ,  shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  vascular leaf ,  stamen ,  sepal ,  flower ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  cotyledon ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen ,  plant sperm cell

Literature:

• Proteomic analysis of leaf peroxisomal proteins in greening cotyledons of Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcf101 ;  PMID:  12154131
• Multiple ubiquitin ligase-mediated processes require COP9 signalosome and AXR1 function.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.003434 ;  PMID:  12368504
• Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis clubroots indicate a key role for cytokinins in disease development.   DOI:  10.1094/MPMI-19-0480 ;  PMID:  16673935
• AXL and AXR1 have redundant functions in RUB conjugation and growth and development in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03211.x ;  PMID:  17655650
• Global analysis of Arabidopsis gene expression uncovers a complex array of changes impacting pathogen response and cell cycle during geminivirus infection.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.121038 ;  PMID:  18650403
• AXR1-ECR1 and AXL1-ECR1 heterodimeric RUB-activating enzymes diverge in function in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1007/s11103-011-9750-8 ;  PMID:  21311953
• Duplication and divergence: New insights into AXR1 and AXL functions in DNA repair and meiosis.   DOI:  10.1038/s41598-020-65734-2 ;  PMID:  32483285
• Proteomic analysis of leaf peroxisomal proteins in greening cotyledons of Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcf101 ;  PMID:  12154131
• Proteomic analysis of leaf peroxisomal proteins in greening cotyledons of Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcf101 ;  PMID:  12154131
• Analysis of protein complexes in Arabidopsis leaves using size exclusion chromatography and label-free protein correlation profiling.   DOI:  10.1016/j.jprot.2017.06.004 ;  PMID:  28627464

Sequences: