Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT2G31650
• Gene Symbol: ATX1, SDG27
• Gene Name: Arabidopsis TRITHORAX 1, SET DOMAIN PROTEIN 27
• Description: homologue of trithorax;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession: locus:2065923
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT2G31650.1

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0000018  — ovule primordium — portion of ovule primordium tissue (exact), primordio de óvulo (Spanish, exact), 胚珠原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000019  — gynoecium primordium — pistil primordium (exact), portion of gynoecium primordium tissue (exact), primordio de gineceo (Spanish, exact), 雌蕊原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000021  — petal primordium — petal primordia (exact, plural), portion of petal primordium tissue (exact), primordio de pétalo (Spanish, exact), 花弁原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020003  — plant ovule — óvulo vegetal (Spanish, exact), 胚珠 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae ovule (narrow), Zea ovule (narrow)
• PO:0000037  — shoot axis apex — ápice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0008019  — leaf lamina base — base de la lámina de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉身基部 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009005  — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009025  — vascular leaf — foliage leaf (exact), hoja vascular (Spanish, exact), leaf, vascular (exact), vascular leaves (exact, plural), 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact), crozier (related), macrophyll (related), megaphyll (related), ascidia (narrow), ascidium (narrow), fiddlehead (narrow), frond (narrow), needle-like leaf (narrow), pitcher (narrow), pitcher blade (narrow), pitcher-blade (narrow), scale-like leaf (narrow), sterile frond (narrow), trophophyll (narrow)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009031  — sepal — sépalo (Spanish, exact), がく片 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009046  — flower — flor (Spanish, exact), 花 (Japanese, exact), floret (related), Asteraceae floret (narrow), basal flower (narrow), double flower (narrow), hermaphrodite flower (narrow), monoclinous flower (narrow), perfect flower (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020030  — cotyledon — cotiledón (Spanish, exact), seed leaf (exact), 子葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020038  — petiole — pecíolo (Spanish, exact), 葉柄 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000084  — plant sperm cell — célula espermática o esperma (Spanish, exact), male gamete (exact), microgamete (exact), 植物精子細胞 (Japanese, exact), sperm nucleus (related), sperm cell (broad)

Gene Ontology:

• GO:0009738  — involved in — abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
• GO:0009414  — involved in — response to water deprivation
• GO:0006357  — involved in — regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
• GO:0009909  — acts upstream of or within — regulation of flower development
• GO:0005515  — enables — protein binding
• GO:0003682  — enables — chromatin binding
• GO:2000023  — involved in — regulation of lateral root development
• GO:0005634  — located in — nucleus
• GO:0006338  — involved in — chromatin remodeling
• GO:0008276  — enables — protein methyltransferase activity
• GO:0009909  — involved in — regulation of flower development
• GO:0005737  — located in — cytoplasm
• GO:0048471  — located in — perinuclear region of cytoplasm
• GO:0010314  — enables — phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate binding
• GO:2000067  — involved in — regulation of root morphogenesis
• GO:0009910  — involved in — negative regulation of flower development
• GO:0010228  — involved in — vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem
• GO:2000280  — involved in — regulation of root development
• GO:0010093  — acts upstream of or within — specification of floral organ identity
• GO:0006355  — acts upstream of or within — regulation of DNA-templated transcription
• GO:0090333  — involved in — regulation of stomatal closure
• GO:0042800  — enables — histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity
• GO:0018022  — involved in — peptidyl-lysine methylation
• GO:0040029  — involved in — epigenetic regulation of gene expression
• GO:0048188  — part of — Set1C/COMPASS complex
• GO:1904961  — involved in — quiescent center organization
• GO:0005886  — located in — plasma membrane
• GO:0000976  — enables — transcription cis-regulatory region binding
• GO:0030036  — involved in — actin cytoskeleton organization
• GO:0000785  — part of — chromatin
• GO:0000785  — located in — chromatin

Germplasm Phenotype:

• CS71692  — No visible phenotype.
• CS71693  — Elongated leaves and accelerated production of leaves with abaxial trichomes.
• CS72324  — significantly early flowering and accelerated leaf senescence
• atx1-1  — Petals may vary in size, shape and number; sepals are assymetrically placed and folded. Sepals also may lack trichomes and their epidermal cells may lack the typical striated pattern seen in wild-type sepals.
• atx1-1  — Reduced fertility which probably results from the many reproductive defects observed: gynoecium may lack stigmatic papillae, may be curved or aberrantly-shaped; carpels may be partially or completely unfused.
• atx1-1  — Up to 20% of mutant buds remain closed when the rest of the flowers have initiated seed development. These unopened buds display abnormalities in stamen and gynoecium development.

Function-related keywords:

• ovule primordium ,  gynoecium primordium ,  petal primordium ,  plant ovule ,  shoot axis apex ,  leaf lamina base ,  root ,  shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  vascular leaf ,  stamen ,  sepal ,  flower ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  cotyledon ,  petiole ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen ,  plant sperm cell

Literature:

• ATX-1, an Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax, activates flower homeotic genes.   DOI:  10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00243-4 ;  PMID:  12699618
• Comparative analysis of SET domain proteins in maize and Arabidopsis reveals multiple duplications preceding the divergence of monocots and dicots.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.102.013722 ;  PMID:  12805620
• Methylation patterns of histone H3 Lys 4, Lys 9 and Lys 27 in transcriptionally active and inactive Arabidopsis genes and in atx1 mutants.   DOI:  10.1093/nar/gki830 ;  PMID:  16157865
• ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX1 dynamically regulates FLOWERING LOCUS C activation via histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.108.058172 ;  PMID:  18375656
• Wall-modifying genes regulated by the Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax, ATX1: repression of the XTH33 gene as a test case.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03798.x ;  PMID:  19154201
• Epigenetic control of a transcription factor at the cross section of two antagonistic pathways.   DOI:  10.4161/epi.2.2.4404 ;  PMID:  17965588
• Evolution and pleiotropy of TRITHORAX function in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1387/ijdb.082664za ;  PMID:  19412892
• ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED7 is required for methylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 and for transcriptional activation of FLOWERING LOCUS C.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.109.070060 ;  PMID:  19855050
• The Arabidopsis chromatin modifier ATX1, the myotubularin-like AtMTM and the response to drought.   DOI:  10.4161/psb.4.11.10103 ;  PMID:  19901554
• AGRONOMICS1: a new resource for Arabidopsis transcriptome profiling.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.109.150185 ;  PMID:  20032078
• The SAND domain protein ULTRAPETALA1 acts as a trithorax group factor to regulate cell fate in plants.   DOI:  10.1101/gad.1812609 ;  PMID:  19952107
• Gene expression profiling analysis of copper homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.111 ;  PMID:  20117084
• Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate links dehydration stress to the activity of ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-LIKE factor ATX1.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0013396 ;  PMID:  20967218
• Two distinct roles of ARABIDOPSIS HOMOLOG OF TRITHORAX1 (ATX1) at promoters and within transcribed regions of ATX1-regulated genes.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.110.080150 ;  PMID:  21266657
• A cytoplasm-specific activity encoded by the Trithorax-like ATX1 gene.   DOI:  10.1093/nar/gkq1300 ;  PMID:  21245040
• The Arabidopsis trithorax-like factor ATX1 functions in dehydration stress responses via ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04534.x ;  PMID:  21309869
• Arabidopsis trithorax-related3/SET domain GROUP2 is required for the winter-annual habit of Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcs021 ;  PMID:  22378382
• The Arabidopsis thaliana SET-domain-containing protein ASHH1/SDG26 interacts with itself and with distinct histone lysine methyltransferases.   DOI:  10.1007/s10265-012-0485-7 ;  PMID:  22438063
• ATX1-generated H3K4me3 is required for efficient elongation of transcription, not initiation, at ATX1-regulated genes.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pgen.1003111 ;  PMID:  23284292
• EMBRYONIC FLOWER1 and ULTRAPETALA1 Act Antagonistically on Arabidopsis Development and Stress Response.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.112.213223 ;  PMID:  23632855
• Trithorax group protein Oryza sativa Trithorax1 controls flowering time in rice via interaction with early heading date3.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.113.228049 ;  PMID:  24420930
• Combinatorial functions of diverse histone methylations in Arabidopsis thaliana flowering time regulation.   DOI:  10.1111/nph.12493 ;  PMID:  24102415
• ATX1/AtCOMPASS and the H3K4me3 marks: how do they activate Arabidopsis genes?   DOI:  10.1016/j.pbi.2014.07.004 ;  PMID:  25047977
• Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax1 (ATX1) is required for cell production, patterning, and morphogenesis in root development.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/eru355 ;  PMID:  25205583
• The trxG family histone methyltransferase SET DOMAIN GROUP 26 promotes flowering via a distinctive genetic pathway.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.12729 ;  PMID:  25409787
• The Arabidopsis homologs of trithorax (ATX1) and enhancer of zeste (CLF) establish 'bivalent chromatin marks' at the silent AGAMOUS locus.   DOI:  10.1093/nar/gkv1489 ;  PMID:  26673722
• Corrigendum to "Dynamic and stable histone H3 methylation patterns at the Arabidopsis FLC and AP1 loci" [Gene. 2008 Oct. 15; 423(1):43-47].   DOI:  10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.043 ;  PMID:  27094816
• Genome-wide gene expression profiling to investigate molecular phenotypes of Arabidopsis mutants deprived in distinct histone methyltransferases and demethylases.   DOI:  10.1016/j.gdata.2015.04.006 ;  PMID:  26484201
• Coupling of histone methylation and RNA processing by the nuclear mRNA cap-binding complex.   DOI:  10.1038/nplants.2016.15 ;  PMID:  27249350
• ATX3, ATX4, and ATX5 Encode Putative H3K4 Methyltransferases and Are Critical for Plant Development.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.16.01944 ;  PMID:  28550207
• Trithorax Group Proteins Act Together with a Polycomb Group Protein to Maintain Chromatin Integrity for Epigenetic Silencing during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.molp.2018.01.010 ;  PMID:  29428247
• Arabidopsis O-GlcNAc transferase SEC activates histone methyltransferase ATX1 to regulate flowering.   DOI:  10.15252/embj.201798115 ;  PMID:  30150325
• The Chromatin-Remodeling Factor PICKLE Antagonizes Polycomb Repression of FT to Promote Flowering.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.19.00596 ;  PMID:  31377725
• ULTRAPETALA1 maintains Arabidopsis root stem cell niche independently of ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX1.   DOI:  10.1111/nph.16213 ;  PMID:  31545512
• AGAMOUS-LIKE67 Cooperates with the Histone Mark Reader EBS to Modulate Seed Germination under High Temperature.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.20.00056 ;  PMID:  32576643
• Gene expression changes occurring at bolting time are associated with leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1002/pld3.279 ;  PMID:  33204935
• Histone H3K4 methyltransferases SDG25 and ATX1 maintain heat-stress gene expression during recovery in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.15114 ;  PMID:  33278042
• Histone methyltransferase ATX1 dynamically regulates fiber secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis inflorescence stem.   DOI:  10.1093/nar/gkaa1191 ;  PMID:  33332564
• The Epigenetic Faces of ULTRAPETALA1.   DOI:  10.3389/fpls.2021.637244 ;  PMID:  33719312
• COMPASS functions as a module of the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex to mediate histone H3K4 methylation in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/plcell/koab187 ;  PMID:  34270751
• The Arabidopsis DREAM complex antagonizes WDR5A to modulate histone H3K4me2/3 deposition for a subset of genome repression.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.2206075119 ;  PMID:  35759663
• A glucose-target of rapamycin signaling axis integrates environmental history of heat stress through maintenance of transcription-associated epigenetic memory in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/erac338 ;  PMID:  35980748
• Arabidopsis Trithorax histone methyltransferases are redundant in regulating development and DNA methylation.   DOI:  10.1111/jipb.13406 ;  PMID:  36354145
• PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS are involved in starch degradation adjustment via inhibition of the carbon metabolic regulator QUA-QUINE STARCH in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.16124 ;  PMID:  36710626
• JMJ28 guides sequence-specific targeting of ATX1/2-containing COMPASS-like complex in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112163 ;  PMID:  36827182
• ATX-1, an Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax, activates flower homeotic genes.   DOI:  10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00243-4 ;  PMID:  12699618
• The Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax, ATX1, binds phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate, and the two regulate a common set of target genes.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.0600944103 ;  PMID:  16585509
• The Arabidopsis homologs of trithorax (ATX1) and enhancer of zeste (CLF) establish 'bivalent chromatin marks' at the silent AGAMOUS locus.   DOI:  10.1093/nar/gkm464 ;  PMID:  17881378
• The highly similar Arabidopsis homologs of trithorax ATX1 and ATX2 encode proteins with divergent biochemical functions.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.107.056614 ;  PMID:  18375658
• ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX1 dynamically regulates FLOWERING LOCUS C activation via histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.108.058172 ;  PMID:  18375656
• Dynamic and stable histone H3 methylation patterns at the Arabidopsis FLC and AP1 loci.   DOI:  10.1016/j.gene.2008.06.022 ;  PMID:  18638531
• Wall-modifying genes regulated by the Arabidopsis homolog of trithorax, ATX1: repression of the XTH33 gene as a test case.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03798.x ;  PMID:  19154201

Sequences: