Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT2G25930
• Gene Symbol: ELF3, PYK20
• Gene Name: EARLY FLOWERING 3
• Description: hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession:
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT2G25930.1

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020030  — cotyledon — cotiledón (Spanish, exact), seed leaf (exact), 子葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020038  — petiole — pecíolo (Spanish, exact), 葉柄 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)

Function-related keywords:

• shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  stamen ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  cotyledon ,  petiole ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen

Literature:

• Independent action of ELF3 and phyB to control hypocotyl elongation and flowering time.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.122.4.1149 ;  PMID:  10759510
• Isolation of a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana related to nematode feeding structures.   DOI:  10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00353-4 ;  PMID:  10571046
• Late-flowering genes interact with early-flowering genes to regulate flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029596 ;  PMID:  10501030
• GIGANTEA: a circadian clock-controlled gene that regulates photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis and encodes a protein with several possible membrane-spanning domains.   DOI:  10.1093/emboj/18.17.4679 ;  PMID:  10469647
• EAF1 regulates vegetative-phase change and flowering time in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.120.3.675 ;  PMID:  10398702
• Circadian dysfunction causes aberrant hypocotyl elongation patterns in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00353.x ;  PMID:  10069068
• FLD interacts with genes that affect different developmental phase transitions to regulate Arabidopsis shoot development.   DOI:  10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00204.x ;  PMID:  9721681
• Conditional circadian dysfunction of the Arabidopsis early-flowering 3 mutant.   DOI:  10.1126/science.274.5288.790 ;  PMID:  8864121
• The Arabidopsis ELF3 gene regulates vegetative photomorphogenesis and the photoperiodic induction of flowering.   DOI:  10.1046/j.1365-313x.1996.10040691.x ;  PMID:  8893545
• Genetic regulation of shoot development in Arabidopsis: role of the EMF genes.   DOI:  10.1006/dbio.1995.1158 ;  PMID:  7781888
• The ELF3 zeitnehmer regulates light signalling to the circadian clock.   DOI:  10.1038/35047079 ;  PMID:  11130072
• ELF3: a circadian safeguard to buffer effects of light.   DOI:  10.1016/s1360-1385(01)02184-7 ;  PMID:  11804815
• EARLY FLOWERING3 encodes a novel protein that regulates circadian clock function and flowering in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.13.6.1281 ;  PMID:  11402160
• ELF3 encodes a circadian clock-regulated nuclear protein that functions in an Arabidopsis PHYB signal transduction pathway.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.13.6.1293 ;  PMID:  11402161
• ELF3 modulates resetting of the circadian clock in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.13.6.1305 ;  PMID:  11402162
• Circadian rhythms confer a higher level of fitness to Arabidopsis plants.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.004374 ;  PMID:  12068102
• Aberrant expression of the light-inducible and circadian-regulated APRR9 gene belonging to the circadian-associated APRR1/TOC1 quintet results in the phenotype of early flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcf118 ;  PMID:  12198185
• Conservation and divergence of circadian clock operation in a stress-inducible Crassulacean acid metabolism species reveals clock compensation against stress.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.104.054577 ;  PMID:  15734916
• Rapid array mapping of circadian clock and developmental mutations in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.105.061408 ;  PMID:  15908595
• Circadian rhythm of circumnutation in inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pci127 ;  PMID:  15908440
• ELF4 is a phytochrome-regulated component of a negative-feedback loop involving the central oscillator components CCA1 and LHY.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02531.x ;  PMID:  16212608
• Conserved expression profiles of circadian clock-related genes in two Lemna species showing long-day and short-day photoperiodic flowering responses.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcj027 ;  PMID:  16524874
• Comparative overviews of clock-associated genes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcl043 ;  PMID:  17132630
• Functional conservation of clock-related genes in flowering plants: overexpression and RNA interference analyses of the circadian rhythm in the monocotyledon Lemna gibba.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.107.114611 ;  PMID:  18281417
• Diversification of photoperiodic response patterns in a collection of early-flowering mutants of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.127639 ;  PMID:  18799658
• Independent roles for EARLY FLOWERING 3 and ZEITLUPE in the control of circadian timing, hypocotyl length, and flowering time.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.105.067173 ;  PMID:  16258016
• Possible role of early flowering 3 (ELF3) in clock-dependent floral regulation by short vegetative phase (SVP) in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02809.x ;  PMID:  19383102
• OsEF3, a homologous gene of Arabidopsis ELF3, has pleiotropic effects in rice.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00156.x ;  PMID:  19689783
• A complementary role for ELF3 and TFL1 in the regulation of flowering time by ambient temperature.   DOI:  10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03811.x ;  PMID:  19187043
• Ambient temperature response establishes ELF3 as a required component of the core Arabidopsis circadian clock.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.0911006107 ;  PMID:  20133619
• Genetic mapping of natural variation in a shade avoidance response: ELF3 is the candidate gene for a QTL in hypocotyl growth regulation.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/erq253 ;  PMID:  20713464
• Network analysis identifies ELF3 as a QTL for the shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pgen.1001100 ;  PMID:  20838594
• The circadian clock modulates water dynamics and aquaporin expression in Arabidopsis roots.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcq198 ;  PMID:  21186174
• Temporal repression of core circadian genes is mediated through EARLY FLOWERING 3 in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2010.12.013 ;  PMID:  21236675
• Double loss-of-function mutation in EARLY FLOWERING 3 and CRYPTOCHROME 2 genes delays flowering under continuous light but accelerates it under long days and short days: an important role for Arabidopsis CRY2 to accelerate flowering time in continuous light.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/erq450 ;  PMID:  21296763
• The ELF4-ELF3-LUX complex links the circadian clock to diurnal control of hypocotyl growth.   DOI:  10.1038/nature10182 ;  PMID:  21753751
• FLOWERING LOCUS T regulates stomatal opening.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.025 ;  PMID:  21737277
• Suppression of late-flowering and semi-dwarf phenotypes in the Arabidopsis clock mutant lhy-12;cca1-101 by phyB under continuous light.   DOI:  10.4161/psb.6.8.16361 ;  PMID:  21822060
• A reduced-function allele reveals that EARLY FLOWERING3 repressive action on the circadian clock is modulated by phytochrome signals in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.111.088195 ;  PMID:  21908721
• CCA1 and ELF3 Interact in the control of hypocotyl length and flowering time in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.111.189670 ;  PMID:  22190341
• Genomic analysis of QTLs and genes altering natural variation in stochastic noise.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pgen.1002295 ;  PMID:  21980300
• Induced mutations in circadian clock regulator Mat-a facilitated short-season adaptation and range extension in cultivated barley.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1113009109 ;  PMID:  22371569
• EARLY FLOWERING4 recruitment of EARLY FLOWERING3 in the nucleus sustains the Arabidopsis circadian clock.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.111.093807 ;  PMID:  22327739
• Diurnal dependence of growth responses to shade in Arabidopsis: role of hormone, clock, and light signaling.   DOI:  10.1093/mp/ssr122 ;  PMID:  22311777
• ELF3 recruitment to the PRR9 promoter requires other Evening Complex members in the Arabidopsis circadian clock.   DOI:  10.4161/psb.18766 ;  PMID:  22307044
• The microRNA156-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE3 module regulates ambient temperature-responsive flowering via FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.111.192369 ;  PMID:  22427344
• Ef7 encodes an ELF3-like protein and promotes rice flowering by negatively and long-day conditions.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcs029 ;  PMID:  22422935
• Natural variation in Hd17, a homolog of Arabidopsis ELF3 that is involved in rice photoperiodic flowering.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcs028 ;  PMID:  22399582
• Mutation at the circadian clock gene EARLY MATURITY 8 adapts domesticated barley (Hordeum vulgare) to short growing seasons.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1120496109 ;  PMID:  22566625
• OsELF3-1, an ortholog of Arabidopsis early flowering 3, regulates rice circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0043705 ;  PMID:  22912900
• OsELF3 is involved in circadian clock regulation for promoting flowering under long-day conditions in rice.   DOI:  10.1093/mp/sss062 ;  PMID:  22888152
• Background-dependent effects of polyglutamine variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana gene ELF3.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1211021109 ;  PMID:  23129635
• Ambient temperature signal feeds into the circadian clock transcriptional circuitry through the EC night-time repressor in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcu030 ;  PMID:  24500967
• Natural variation reveals that intracellular distribution of ELF3 protein is associated with function in the circadian clock.   DOI:  10.7554/eLife.02206 ;  PMID:  24867215
• Light and the circadian clock mediate time-specific changes in sensitivity to UV-B stress under light/dark cycles.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/eru339 ;  PMID:  25147271
• ELF3-PIF4 interaction regulates plant growth independently of the Evening Complex.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.070 ;  PMID:  25557667
• ELF3 controls thermoresponsive growth in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.076 ;  PMID:  25557663
• Gibberellin driven growth in elf3 mutants requires PIF4 and PIF5.   DOI:  10.4161/15592324.2014.992707 ;  PMID:  25738547
• The Transcriptional Regulator BBX19 Promotes Hypocotyl Growth by Facilitating COP1-Mediated EARLY FLOWERING3 Degradation in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.15.00044 ;  PMID:  25841036
• Quantitative Circadian Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis Reveals Extensive Clock Control of Key Components in Physiological, Metabolic, and Signaling Pathways.   DOI:  10.1074/mcp.M114.047183 ;  PMID:  26091701
• Natural variants of ELF3 affect thermomorphogenesis by transcriptionally modulating PIF4-dependent auxin response genes.   DOI:  10.1186/s12870-015-0566-6 ;  PMID:  26269119
• Quantitative Variation in Responses to Root Spatial Constraint within Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.15.00335 ;  PMID:  26243313
• Identification of Evening Complex Associated Proteins in Arabidopsis by Affinity Purification and Mass Spectrometry.   DOI:  10.1074/mcp.M115.054064 ;  PMID:  26545401
• Exploring potential new floral organ morphogenesis genes of Arabidopsis thaliana using systems biology approach.   DOI:  10.3389/fpls.2015.00829 ;  PMID:  26528302
• Data on the identification of protein interactors with the Evening Complex and PCH1 in Arabidopsis using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry (TAP-MS).   DOI:  10.1016/j.dib.2016.05.014 ;  PMID:  27274533
• Mutation of Rice Early Flowering3.1 (OsELF3.1) delays leaf senescence in rice.   DOI:  10.1007/s11103-016-0507-2 ;  PMID:  27380315
• PIF4 and ELF3 Act Independently in Arabidopsis thaliana Thermoresponsive Flowering.   DOI:  10.1371/journal.pone.0161791 ;  PMID:  27564448
• Alternative splicing and nonsense-mediated decay of circadian clock genes under environmental stress conditions in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1186/1471-2229-14-136 ;  PMID:  24885185
• Variability in a Short Tandem Repeat Mediates Complex Epistatic Interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1534/genetics.116.193359 ;  PMID:  27866166
• Natural variation at the soybean J locus improves adaptation to the tropics and enhances yield.   DOI:  10.1038/ng.3819 ;  PMID:  28319089
• Cellulose Synthesis and Cell Expansion Are Regulated by Different Mechanisms in Growing Arabidopsis Hypocotyls.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.16.00782 ;  PMID:  28550150
• The evening complex coordinates environmental and endogenous signals in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1038/nplants.2017.87 ;  PMID:  28650433
• Shining a light on the Arabidopsis circadian clock.   DOI:  10.1111/pce.13033 ;  PMID:  28732105
• SPF45-related splicing factor for phytochrome signaling promotes photomorphogenesis by regulating pre-mRNA splicing in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1706379114 ;  PMID:  28760995
• The Chickpea Early Flowering 1 (Efl1) Locus Is an Ortholog of Arabidopsis ELF3.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.17.00082 ;  PMID:  28818860
• Arabidopsis EARLY FLOWERING3 increases salt tolerance by suppressing salt stress response pathways.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.13747 ;  PMID:  29032592
• Circadian control of ORE1 by PRR9 positively regulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1722407115 ;  PMID:  30065116
• Multiple circadian clock outputs regulate diel turnover of carbon and nitrogen reserves.   DOI:  10.1111/pce.13440 ;  PMID:  30184255
• Molecular basis of flowering under natural long-day conditions in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1038/s41477-018-0253-3 ;  PMID:  30250277
• Two B-Box Domain Proteins, BBX18 and BBX23, Interact with ELF3 and Regulate Thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.060 ;  PMID:  30428343
• HOS15 Interacts with the Histone Deacetylase HDA9 and the Evening Complex to Epigenetically Regulate the Floral Activator GIGANTEA.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.18.00721 ;  PMID:  30606777
• Arabidopsis JMJD5/JMJ30 Acts Independently of LUX ARRHYTHMO Within the Plant Circadian Clock to Enable Temperature Compensation.   DOI:  10.3389/fpls.2019.00057 ;  PMID:  30774641
• The EC-HDA9 complex rhythmically regulates histone acetylation at the TOC1 promoter in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1038/s42003-019-0377-7 ;  PMID:  31044168
• Luciferase-Based Screen for Post-translational Control Factors in the Regulation of the Pseudo-Response Regulator PRR7.   DOI:  10.3389/fpls.2019.00667 ;  PMID:  31191580
• Density effects on late flowering mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana under continuous light.   DOI:  10.5511/plantbiotechnology.16.0622a ;  PMID:  31274994
• Photoperiod sensing of the circadian clock is controlled by EARLY FLOWERING 3 and GIGANTEA.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.14604 ;  PMID:  31694066
• The Evening Complex Establishes Repressive Chromatin Domains Via H2A.Z Deposition.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.19.00881 ;  PMID:  31712305
• Monitoring single-cell bioluminescence of Arabidopsis leaves to quantitatively evaluate the efficiency of a transiently introduced CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting the circadian clock gene ELF3.   DOI:  10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.0531a ;  PMID:  31768121
• The ELF3-PIF7 Interaction Mediates the Circadian Gating of the Shade Response in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.isci.2019.11.029 ;  PMID:  31805433
• Molecular mechanisms of Evening Complex activity in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.1920972117 ;  PMID:  32165537
• The Circadian Clock Influences the Long-Term Water Use Efficiency of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.20.00030 ;  PMID:  32179629
• The evening complex is central to the difference between the circadian clocks of Arabidopsis thaliana shoots and roots.   DOI:  10.1111/ppl.13108 ;  PMID:  32303120
• Global transcriptome analysis reveals circadian control of splicing events in Arabidopsis thaliana.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.14776 ;  PMID:  32314836
• Cross-species complementation reveals conserved functions for EARLY FLOWERING 3 between monocots and dicots.   DOI:  10.1002/pld3.18 ;  PMID:  31245666
• The diverse and unanticipated roles of histone deacetylase 9 in coordinating plant development and environmental acclimation.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/eraa335 ;  PMID:  32687569
• High Ambient Temperature Accelerates Leaf Senescence via PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 and 5 in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.14348/molcells.2020.0117 ;  PMID:  32732458
• A prion-like domain in ELF3 functions as a thermosensor in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1038/s41586-020-2644-7 ;  PMID:  32848244
• Hot topic: Thermosensing in plants.   DOI:  10.1111/pce.13979 ;  PMID:  33314270
• The Evening Complex and the Chromatin-Remodeling Factor PICKLE Coordinately Control Seed Dormancy by Directly Repressing DOG1 in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100011 ;  PMID:  33404551
• Molecular and functional dissection of EARLY-FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) and ELF4 in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110786 ;  PMID:  33487361
• Identification of a consensus DNA-binding site for the TCP domain transcription factor TCP2 and its important roles in the growth and development of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1007/s11033-021-06233-z ;  PMID:  33689093
• DELLA degradation by gibberellin promotes flowering via GAF1-TPR-dependent repression of floral repressors in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/plcell/koab102 ;  PMID:  33822231
• The Arabidopsis JMJ29 Protein Controls Circadian Oscillation through Diurnal Histone Demethylation at the CCA1 and PRR9 Loci.   DOI:  10.3390/genes12040529 ;  PMID:  33916408
• The E3 ligase XBAT35 mediates thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth by targeting ELF3 for degradation in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/jipb.13107 ;  PMID:  33963671
• XBAT31 regulates thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth through mediating degradation of the thermosensor ELF3 in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1126/sciadv.abf4427 ;  PMID:  33962946
• Phytochrome A elevates plant circadian-clock components to suppress shade avoidance in deep-canopy shade.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.2108176118 ;  PMID:  34187900
• Exploring PIF4 's contribution to early flowering in plants under daily variable temperature and its tissue-specific flowering gene network.   DOI:  10.1002/pld3.339 ;  PMID:  34355114
• Firefly Luciferase Complementation-Based Analysis of Dynamic Protein-Protein Interactions Under Diurnal and Circadian Conditions in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1007/978-1-0716-1912-4_16 ;  PMID:  34674178
• Arabidopsis EARLY FLOWERING 3 controls temperature responsiveness of the circadian clock independently of the evening complex.   DOI:  10.1093/jxb/erab473 ;  PMID:  34698833
• Cellular localization of Arabidopsis EARLY FLOWERING3 is responsive to light quality.   DOI:  10.1093/plphys/kiac072 ;  PMID:  35191492
• Hysteresis in PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 and EARLY-FLOWERING 3 dynamics dominates warm daytime memory in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/plcell/koac078 ;  PMID:  35234947
• The circadian clock mutant lhy cca1 elf3 paces starch mobilization to dawn despite severely disrupted circadian clock function.   DOI:  10.1093/plphys/kiac226 ;  PMID:  35567528
• REVEILLE 7 inhibits the expression of the circadian clock gene EARLY FLOWERING 4 to fine-tune hypocotyl growth in response to warm temperatures.   DOI:  10.1111/jipb.13284 ;  PMID:  35603836
• Increasing the resilience of plant immunity to a warming climate.   DOI:  10.1038/s41586-022-04902-y ;  PMID:  35768511
• The intersection between circadian and heat-responsive regulatory networks controls plant responses to increasing temperatures.   DOI:  10.1042/BST20190572 ;  PMID:  35758233
• EARLY FLOWERING 3 represses the nighttime growth response to sucrose in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1007/s43630-022-00264-6 ;  PMID:  35867260
• COP1 dynamics integrate conflicting seasonal light and thermal cues in the control of Arabidopsis elongation.   DOI:  10.1126/sciadv.abp8412 ;  PMID:  35984876
• The 5'-3' mRNA Decay Pathway Modulates the Plant Circadian Network in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pcac126 ;  PMID:  36066193
• HSP90s are required for hypocotyl elongation during skotomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis via the COP1-ELF3-PIF4 pathway in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/nph.18776 ;  PMID:  36707919
• PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS are involved in starch degradation adjustment via inhibition of the carbon metabolic regulator QUA-QUINE STARCH in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1111/tpj.16124 ;  PMID:  36710626
• Diversification of photoperiodic response patterns in a collection of early-flowering mutants of Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.127639 ;  PMID:  18799658

Sequences: