Gene Details:
- Gene ID: AT1G04820
- Gene Symbol: TOR2, TUA4
- Gene Name: TORTIFOLIA 2, tubulin alpha-4 chain
- Description: tubulin alpha-4 chain;(source:Araport11)
- TAIR Accession: locus:2010677
- Genome: Araport11_genome_release
- Species: Arabidopsis thaliana
Transcripts:
Plant Ontology Annotations:
- PO:0000282 — trichome — tricoma (Spanish, exact), 毛茸、糸状体、毛 (Japanese, exact), seta (related), setae (related), capilli (narrow), capillus (narrow), cilia (narrow), cilium (narrow), glochid (narrow), glochidia (narrow), glochidium (narrow), hair (narrow), lepides (narrow), lepis (narrow), non-secretory trichome (narrow), scale (narrow), squama (narrow), squamae (narrow), squamella (narrow), squamellae (narrow), squamule (narrow), barb trichome (broad), bristle (broad)
- PO:0000013 — cauline leaf — hoja caulinar (Spanish, exact), 茎生葉、茎葉 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0000230 — inflorescence meristem — meristema de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact), 花序分裂組織 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0009010 — seed — semilla (Spanish, exact), 種子 (Japanese, exact), pyrene (narrow), diaspore (broad)
- PO:0009030 — carpel — carpelo (Spanish, exact), 心皮 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae carpel (narrow), Zea carpel (narrow), pistil (broad)
- PO:0009032 — petal — pétalo (Spanish, exact), 花弁 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0009047 — stem — caña (Spanish, exact), culm (exact), eje primario (Spanish, exact), primary axis (exact), primary stem (exact), tallo (Spanish, exact), tronco (Spanish, exact), 茎 (Japanese, exact), bole (narrow), cane (narrow), caudex (narrow), caudices (narrow), core (narrow), primocane (narrow), scape (narrow), stalk (narrow), trunk (narrow)
- PO:0025281 — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0005020 — vascular bundle — haz vascular (Spanish, exact), vein (exact), 維管束 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0000084 — plant sperm cell — célula espermática o esperma (Spanish, exact), male gamete (exact), microgamete (exact), 植物精子細胞 (Japanese, exact), sperm nucleus (related), sperm cell (broad)
- PO:0025195 — pollen tube cell — célula del tubo polínico (Spanish, exact), 花粉管細胞 (Japanese, exact)
- PO:0000293 — guard cell — célula guardiana (Spanish, exact), occlusive cell (exact), 孔辺細胞 (Japanese, exact)
Gene Ontology:
- GO:0000325 — located in — plant-type vacuole
- GO:0009505 — located in — plant-type cell wall
- GO:0071258 — acts upstream of or within — cellular response to gravity
- GO:0005634 — located in — nucleus
- GO:0005200 — enables — structural constituent of cytoskeleton
- GO:0045298 — part of — tubulin complex
- GO:0009570 — located in — chloroplast stroma
- GO:0005576 — located in — extracellular region
- GO:0007017 — acts upstream of or within — microtubule-based process
- GO:0005886 — located in — plasma membrane
- GO:0003729 — enables — mRNA binding
- GO:0005829 — located in — cytosol
- GO:0007017 — involved in — microtubule-based process
Germplasm Phenotype:
- CS68879 — Right-handed helical growth in the root and other rapidly elongating organs. Strong severity of cell expansion defects.
- CS68880 — Right-handed helical growth in the root and other rapidly elongating organs. Strong severity of cell expansion defects.
- CS68881 — Left-handed helical growth in the root and other rapidly elongating organs. Medium severity of cell expansion defects.
- CS68882 — Right-handed helical growth in the root and other rapidly elongating organs. Medium severity of cell expansion defects.
- CS68883 — Left-handed helical growth in the root and other rapidly elongating organs. Strong severity of cell expansion defects.
- CS9892 — Twisting hypocotyls, petioles and petals
- SALK_097816 — Delayed leaf development.
Function-related keywords:
- trichome , cauline leaf , inflorescence meristem , seed , carpel , petal , stem , pollen , vascular bundle , pollen , plant sperm cell , pollen tube cell , guard cell
Literature:
- The Cell Cycle Checkpoint Regulator ATR Is Required for Internal Aluminum Toxicity-Mediated Root Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00118 ; PMID: 29491872
- Alleviation by abscisic acid of Al toxicity in rice bean is not associated with citrate efflux but depends on ABI5-mediated signal transduction pathways. DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12695 ; PMID: 29975451
- Genetic Dissection of Fe-Dependent Signaling in Root Developmental Responses to Phosphate Deficiency. DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00907 ; PMID: 30420567
- F-box protein RAE1 regulates the stability of the aluminum-resistance transcription factor STOP1 in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1814426116 ; PMID: 30559192
- Involvement of phosphatidylinositol metabolism in aluminum-induced malate secretion in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz179 ; PMID: 30977815
- Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14374 ; PMID: 31034704
- Low phosphate represses histone deacetylase complex1 to regulate root system architecture remodeling in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1111/nph.16264 ; PMID: 31608986
- An exclusion mechanism is epistatic to an internal detoxification mechanism in aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02338-y ; PMID: 32188405
- Genome-Wide Association Study and Genomic Prediction Elucidate the Distinct Genetic Architecture of Aluminum and Proton Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00405 ; PMID: 32328080
- Mutation of HPR1 encoding a component of the THO/TREX complex reduces STOP1 accumulation and aluminium resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1111/nph.16658 ; PMID: 32406528
- A single-population GWAS identified AtMATE expression level polymorphism caused by promoter variants is associated with variation in aluminum tolerance in a local Arabidopsis population. DOI: 10.1002/pld3.250 ; PMID: 32793853
- MEDIATOR16 orchestrates local and systemic responses to phosphate scarcity in Arabidopsis roots. DOI: 10.1111/nph.16989 ; PMID: 33034045
- Regulation of Aluminum Resistance in Arabidopsis Involves the SUMOylation of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor STOP1. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00687 ; PMID: 33087527
- Root Adaptation via Common Genetic Factors Conditioning Tolerance to Multiple Stresses for Crops Cultivated on Acidic Tropical Soils. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.565339 ; PMID: 33281841
- High affinity promoter binding of STOP1 is essential for early expression of novel aluminum-induced resistance genes GDH1 and GDH2 in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab031 ; PMID: 33481007
- SIZ1 negatively regulates aluminum resistance by mediating the STOP1-ALMT1 pathway in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13091 ; PMID: 33710720
- The SUMO E3 ligase SIZ1 partially regulates STOP1 SUMOylation and stability in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1899487 ; PMID: 33715572
- SIZ1 regulates phosphate deficiency-induced inhibition of primary root growth of Arabidopsis by modulating Fe accumulation and ROS production in its roots. DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1946921 ; PMID: 34251993
- The THO/TREX Complex Component RAE2/TEX1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Aluminum Resistance and Low Phosphate Response in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.698443 ; PMID: 34322147
- Transcription Factor WRKY33 Mediates the Phosphate Deficiency-Induced Remodeling of Root Architecture by Modulating Iron Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Roots. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179275 ; PMID: 34502184
- Root responses to aluminium and iron stresses require the SIZ1 SUMO ligase to modulate the STOP1 transcription factor. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15525 ; PMID: 34612534
- Calmodulin-like protein CML24 interacts with CAMTA2 and WRKY46 to regulate ALMT1-dependent Al resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1111/nph.17812 ; PMID: 34665465
- Structural basis of ALMT1-mediated aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00587-6 ; PMID: 34799726
- Uncoupling Aluminum Toxicity From Aluminum Signals in the STOP1 Pathway. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.785791 ; PMID: 35592558
- Brassinosteroid signaling regulates phosphate starvation-induced malate secretion in plants. DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13443 ; PMID: 36579777
- Zinc finger protein STOP1 is critical for proton tolerance in Arabidopsis and coregulates a key gene in aluminum tolerance. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0700117104 ; PMID: 17535918
- Not all ALMT1-type transporters mediate aluminum-activated organic acid an anion-selective transporter. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03344.x ; PMID: 18069943
- Identification of dominant mutations that confer increased aluminium tolerance through mutagenesis of the Al-sensitive Arabidopsis mutant, als3-1. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erj080 ; PMID: 16488918
- Abundant accumulation of the calcium-binding molecular chaperone calreticulin in specific floral tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.1.29 ; PMID: 9159940
- Monitoring genome-wide changes in gene expression in response to endogenous cytokinin reveals targets in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01194-3 ; PMID: 14623097
- The MAP kinase substrate MKS1 is a regulator of plant defense responses. DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600737 ; PMID: 15990873
- DRASTIC–INSIGHTS: querying information in a plant gene expression database. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkj136 ; PMID: 16381965
- A plant-specific calreticulin is a key retention factor for a defective brassinosteroid receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0906144106 ; PMID: 19597144
- Receptor quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum for plant innate immunity. DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.263 ; PMID: 19763087
- Specific ER quality control components required for biogenesis of the plant innate immune receptor EFR. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0905532106 ; PMID: 19717464
- Uncoupling of sustained MAMP receptor signaling from early outputs in an Arabidopsis endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase II allele. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0907711106 ; PMID: 20007779
- POD1 regulates pollen tube guidance in response to micropylar female signaling and acts in early embryo patterning in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.088914 ; PMID: 21954464
- A dual regulatory role of Arabidopsis calreticulin-2 in plant innate immunity. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04807.x ; PMID: 21974727
- An in vivo investigation of amino acid residues critical for the lectin function of Arabidopsis calreticulin 3. DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss163 ; PMID: 23288863
- A conserved basic residue cluster is essential for the protein quality control function of the Arabidopsis calreticulin 3. DOI: 10.4161/psb.23864 ; PMID: 23425854
- The function of calreticulin in plant immunity: new discoveries for an old protein. DOI: 10.4161/psb.20721 ; PMID: 22827946
- Loss of all three calreticulins, CRT1, CRT2 and CRT3, causes enhanced sensitivity to water stress in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1497-z ; PMID: 24022063
- Regulation of SOBIR1 accumulation and activation of defense responses in bir1-1 by specific components of ER quality control. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12425 ; PMID: 24498907
- Systematic deletion of the ER lectin chaperone genes reveals their roles in vegetative growth and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13435 ; PMID: 27888524
- Subcellular localization of class II HDAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HDA15 is driven by light. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030846 ; PMID: 22363501
- An ARID domain-containing protein within nuclear bodies is required for sperm cell formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004421 ; PMID: 25057814
- Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis. DOI: 10.1242/dev.126.18.4117 ; PMID: 10457020
- Molecular and genetic interactions between STYLOSA and GRAMINIFOLIA in the control of Antirrhinum vegetative and reproductive development. DOI: 10.1242/dev.01205 ; PMID: 15229173
- Functional conservation between CRABS CLAW orthologues from widely diverged angiosperms. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm136 ; PMID: 17650514
Sequences:
cDNA Sequence
- >AT1G04820.1
TTCAAAAATAAGAGAAACGGTCACAAAACGAGCAAAAATTCAAAATTAGAAAATACGCAGCTCACGAGTATCGTGATATTAACAACAACCCAATTACATCATTACACGTGTCGTTATATACAGATGGGTACTTTCGTTTATAAATACACATCAAACGCCTTACTAAAAACCTAGAAATAGAAAAATCAGATCTAGATTCAGTTTTTTTCATCAAAAAAGAGCGTCTTCATAAACGCCCTTCGTCTTCTTCCCTGGAAATCTAGTTTCTTTCTTCCACGAAAATGAGAGAGTGCATTTCGATCCACATTGGTCAGGCTGGTATCCAGGTCGGAAATGCTTGCTGGGAGCTGTACTGTCTTGAACATGGCATTCAGCCTGATGGCCAGATGCCGAGTGACAAGACTGTTGGTGGAGGTGACGATGCTTTCAACACCTTCTTCAGTGAAACCGGTGCAGGTAAGCACGTCCCACGTGCTGTCTTTGTTGATCTTGAGCCAACTGTGATCGACGAGGTCAGGACTGGTACTTACCGTCAGCTTTTCCACCCTGAACAACTCATCAGCGGTAAAGAAGATGCAGCTAACAATTTCGCCCGTGGTCATTACACCATTGGGAAAGAGATTGTTGACCTGTGCTTAGACCGTATCAGAAAGCTTGCTGATAACTGTACTGGTCTCCAAGGATTCCTCGTCTTCAACGCTGTTGGTGGAGGGACTGGATCTGGTCTTGGATCTCTCCTCCTTGAGAGACTTTCTGTTGACTACGGGAAAAAGTCCAAGTTGGGTTTCACAGTTTACCCATCTCCACAGGTCTCTACCTCCGTTGTTGAGCCTTACAACAGTGTCCTCTCCACTCACTCTCTCTTGGAACACACTGATGTCTCCATCCTCCTCGACAATGAAGCTATCTATGACATCTGCAGACGCTCCCTAAGCATTGAGAGACCAACCTACACCAACCTCAACCGCCTCGTCTCTCAGGTTATTTCTTCCTTGACTGCTTCTCTGAGGTTTGATGGTGCCTTAAATGTTGATGTCACTGAGTTCCAAACCAACTTGGTCCCATACCCAAGAATCCACTTCATGCTTTCCTCCTATGCCCCAGTCATCTCCGCAGAGAAAGCCTTCCATGAGCAACTCTCAGTTGCTGAGATCACAAACAGTGCTTTTGAGCCAGCTTCCATGATGGCTAAGTGTGACCCACGTCACGGAAAGTACATGGCTTGCTGTTTGATGTACCGTGGTGATGTTGTCCCCAAGGATGTAAACGCAGCTGTTGGCACCATCAAGACCAAGCGCACTATTCAGTTTGTTGACTGGTGTCCTACTGGATTCAAGTGTGGTATCAACTACCAGCCACCAACAGTTGTTCCAGGAGGTGATCTTGCTAAAGTCCAGAGAGCTGTTTGCATGATCTCAAACTCGACCAGTGTTGCTGAGGTGTTCTCCCGTATTGATCACAAGTTTGATCTTATGTACGCCAAACGTGCTTTCGTTCACTGGTATGTGGGTGAGGGTATGGAAGAAGGAGAATTCTCAGAGGCACGTGAGGATCTTGCAGCATTGGAGAAGGATTATGAAGAGGTCGGTGCTGAAGGTGGTGACGATGAAGATGATGAAGGAGAGGAATACTAAGAAGAATGTTTCTAAAAACTTTGGATTTGTGTGGGTTTCTCTATAATCTCGTCTTGTGAGAATGGGCTCAAAACTCTTGGGAGTCTTTAATCGTGTGTGTTTTAAAACCTACTTCTCTATCTTTTCGTAGCCATGTTATCTCTCTATTATCTATTTCCTTTGTGTGTTAAATCGTTTCTGCCTTTCTGGTAATATCTTATCACTACTATCAAAACTACAAGGGTTATTTGAAGGCATGGAAAAAATTCATGAGATGTTATATATTTTGCATTTTGACCTAAGCATGATGATACTTTGGGATTCTTGAGAAATATGTGGCAGTGAGGATATAGCAGAT
CDS Sequence
- >AT1G04820.1
ATGAGAGAGTGCATTTCGATCCACATTGGTCAGGCTGGTATCCAGGTCGGAAATGCTTGCTGGGAGCTGTACTGTCTTGAACATGGCATTCAGCCTGATGGCCAGATGCCGAGTGACAAGACTGTTGGTGGAGGTGACGATGCTTTCAACACCTTCTTCAGTGAAACCGGTGCAGGTAAGCACGTCCCACGTGCTGTCTTTGTTGATCTTGAGCCAACTGTGATCGACGAGGTCAGGACTGGTACTTACCGTCAGCTTTTCCACCCTGAACAACTCATCAGCGGTAAAGAAGATGCAGCTAACAATTTCGCCCGTGGTCATTACACCATTGGGAAAGAGATTGTTGACCTGTGCTTAGACCGTATCAGAAAGCTTGCTGATAACTGTACTGGTCTCCAAGGATTCCTCGTCTTCAACGCTGTTGGTGGAGGGACTGGATCTGGTCTTGGATCTCTCCTCCTTGAGAGACTTTCTGTTGACTACGGGAAAAAGTCCAAGTTGGGTTTCACAGTTTACCCATCTCCACAGGTCTCTACCTCCGTTGTTGAGCCTTACAACAGTGTCCTCTCCACTCACTCTCTCTTGGAACACACTGATGTCTCCATCCTCCTCGACAATGAAGCTATCTATGACATCTGCAGACGCTCCCTAAGCATTGAGAGACCAACCTACACCAACCTCAACCGCCTCGTCTCTCAGGTTATTTCTTCCTTGACTGCTTCTCTGAGGTTTGATGGTGCCTTAAATGTTGATGTCACTGAGTTCCAAACCAACTTGGTCCCATACCCAAGAATCCACTTCATGCTTTCCTCCTATGCCCCAGTCATCTCCGCAGAGAAAGCCTTCCATGAGCAACTCTCAGTTGCTGAGATCACAAACAGTGCTTTTGAGCCAGCTTCCATGATGGCTAAGTGTGACCCACGTCACGGAAAGTACATGGCTTGCTGTTTGATGTACCGTGGTGATGTTGTCCCCAAGGATGTAAACGCAGCTGTTGGCACCATCAAGACCAAGCGCACTATTCAGTTTGTTGACTGGTGTCCTACTGGATTCAAGTGTGGTATCAACTACCAGCCACCAACAGTTGTTCCAGGAGGTGATCTTGCTAAAGTCCAGAGAGCTGTTTGCATGATCTCAAACTCGACCAGTGTTGCTGAGGTGTTCTCCCGTATTGATCACAAGTTTGATCTTATGTACGCCAAACGTGCTTTCGTTCACTGGTATGTGGGTGAGGGTATGGAAGAAGGAGAATTCTCAGAGGCACGTGAGGATCTTGCAGCATTGGAGAAGGATTATGAAGAGGTCGGTGCTGAAGGTGGTGACGATGAAGATGATGAAGGAGAGGAATACTAA
Protein Sequence
- >AT1G04820.1
MRECISIHIGQAGIQVGNACWELYCLEHGIQPDGQMPSDKTVGGGDDAFNTFFSETGAGKHVPRAVFVDLEPTVIDEVRTGTYRQLFHPEQLISGKEDAANNFARGHYTIGKEIVDLCLDRIRKLADNCTGLQGFLVFNAVGGGTGSGLGSLLLERLSVDYGKKSKLGFTVYPSPQVSTSVVEPYNSVLSTHSLLEHTDVSILLDNEAIYDICRRSLSIERPTYTNLNRLVSQVISSLTASLRFDGALNVDVTEFQTNLVPYPRIHFMLSSYAPVISAEKAFHEQLSVAEITNSAFEPASMMAKCDPRHGKYMACCLMYRGDVVPKDVNAAVGTIKTKRTIQFVDWCPTGFKCGINYQPPTVVPGGDLAKVQRAVCMISNSTSVAEVFSRIDHKFDLMYAKRAFVHWYVGEGMEEGEFSEAREDLAALEKDYEEVGAEGGDDEDDEGEEY